光学和波动.docVIP

第三节 光学和波动 1. In a hologram a photographic plate contains a wave pattern that produces a three-dimensional picture when illuminated with monochromatic coherent light from a laser. When only half of the photographic plate is illuminated, which of the following is true of the resulting picture? Only half of the picture is seen. The picture is still seen, but is less distinct than before. The picture is still seen, but is smaller than before. The color of the picture is changed. The picture is inverted. 解：全息成像的一大特点是由全息片的任一部分均可成像，因为全息片上纪录的内容为干涉条纹，而条纹以所载信息的频率在全息片上重复排布。但因为用全息片的局部成像会丢失高频信息，所以图像将会变模糊。选（B）。 2. Waves on a string propagate with a speed v and are represented by giving the displacement y as a function of x and t. Which of the following is NOT a possible wave or pulse? (c, b, and k are constants.) 解：由偏微分方程理论，函数f ( x ( vt)满足波动方程 。 所以答案选（D）。 3. A converging lens of focal length 4 centimeters is used as a magnifier. If an object is place 3 centimeters from the lens,what is the magnification? 3 4 6 12 24 解：由凸透镜成像公式 ， 得像距为 cm。 放大倍数为 。 选（B）。 4. A source of 1-kilohertz sound is moving straight toward you at a speed 0.9 times the speed on sound. The frequency you receive is 0.1 kHz 0.5 kHz 1.1 kHz 1.9 kHz 10 kHz 解：Doppler效应 。 选（E）。 5. Two coherent sources of visible monochromatic light form an interference pattern on a screen. If the relative phase of the sources is varied from 0 to 2( at a frequency of 500 hertz, which of the following best describes the effect, if any, on the interference pattern? It is unaffected because the frequency of the phase change is very small compared to the frequency of visible light. It is unaffected because the frequency of the phase change is an integral multiple of (. It is destroyed except when the phase difference is 0 or (. It is destroyed for all phase differences because the monochromaticity of the sources is destroyed. It is not destroyed but simply shifts positions at a rate too rapid to be detected by the eye. 解：干涉光