国际商务 Globalization.ppt

Learning Objectives Understand what is meant by the term globalization. Be familiar with the main drivers of globalization. Appreciate the changing nature of the global economy. Appreciate how the process of globalization is creating opportunities and challenges for business managers. Case: Flat Panel Televisions and the Global Economy Summary of Key Facts (Opening Case) Glass panels made in South Korea, Taiwan, and Japan. Travel to Mexican plants, cut and combined with electronic components from Asia and the US. Assembled into finished TVs and trucked to the US. A huge business. In 2006, US consumers spent about $26.4 billion. The technology: first invented by RCA in the US, invested by Sharp, then Samsung, the Taiwanese companies, Today mainland companies. Globalization creates winners and losers. A California based company called Vizio, founded by a Taiwanese immigrant, expected sales as high as $2 billion for 2007. Discuss winners and losers. Implications of the case A classic illustration of the impact of globalization. Dispersing different activities around the globe to where they can be performed most efficiently, and then coordinating the entire production process lead to lower prices. Winners: consumers, coordinating companies and their strategic partners. Losers: workers in high cost locations. Economists argue: gains outweigh the losses by a wide margin; globalization therefore a very beneficial process. 1. What is globalization? p4 Definition of Globalization: The shift towards a more integrated and interdependent world economy. Two components: The globalization of markets The globalization of production 1-1 Globalization of markets p.4 The merging of distinctly separate national markets into a global marketplace. Falling barriers to cross-border trade and investment have made it easier to sell internationally. Tastes and preferences converge on some global norm for some products, such as Coca Cola. Firms offer standardized product