P2P在流媒体中的应用.docVIP

P2P在流媒体中的应用 摘要：随着现代网络技术的不断发展，流媒体服务得到了广泛的应用，目前主要有两种方式可以实现提供流媒体音视频的服务，即客户端/服务器模式和对等网络模式。其中对等网络作为一种传输技术，使得大范围的音视频在线直播和点播成为可能，成为当前大规模并发流媒体服务的主要技术。虽然对等网络技术推进了流媒体服务的应用，但是仍然存在着许多问题和挑战，限制了流媒体服务性能的提高。 本文介绍了P2P模式的流媒体服务技术，它采用智能节点弹性重叠网络流媒体分发模型来合理利用服务器性能和服务端的网络资源，以及用户计算机的空闲能力和用户端的空闲带宽，突破了现有流媒体系统面临的障碍，同时使得流媒体系统以更低的成本提供更高质量和更大容量的流媒体服务。最后对引入P2P技术的升级版P4P，保证了流媒体的高速通信，让现有的网络变得越来越畅通。 关键词：对等网络；流媒体；P4P；用户端；服务器 The Application of P2P in Streaming Media Abstract: With the development of network technologies, streaming services have been widely applied. Nowadays there are two basic and effective methods to implement this application: Client/Server (C/S) and Peer-Peer (P2P). As one kind of transmission technology, P2P makes streaming services on a large scale possible and becomes the popular streaming technology. However, there exist some problems and challenges for P2P streaming framework to impact the development of streaming. In this paper, we introduce the P2P mode of streaming media services technology, it adopts the intelligent node flexibility overlap network to rationally use the server-side performance and service network resources, as well as the users computer and the spare capacity of idle client bandwidth, breakthroughs the obstacles in the existing streaming media systems，at the same time allows streaming media systems to lower the cost of providing higher quality and greater capacity of the streaming media service. Finally, we introduce an upgraded version P4P of P2P technology, to ensure a high-speed communications in streaming media and make sure the existing network is becoming clear better and better. Keywords: peer-to-peer, streaming system, P4P, client, server 1 概述 基于单播C/S 结构的媒体服务器容易成为系统瓶颈，其扩展性不高，不适合流媒体大规模数据的分发。相应的IP 组播[1]技术存在固有限制难以部署、CDN[2]分发网络成本过高、只是将瓶颈转移而非消除等问题。因此，P2P 流媒体技术成为研究热点。P2P 网络是一个动态构建的自主网，节点会随时加入或离开网络，节点间的处理能力、存储能力和带宽存在异构性。且流媒体本身具有其独特性质，如数据存储量大、传输持续时间长、带宽占用高以及高QoS 要求等。可见，在P2P 流媒体技术中，需要解决如何充分利用节点资源并减少节点启动延时，保证播放的连续性并有利于系统的扩展性、稳定性等问题。 文献[3]提出单树结构的P2P 流媒体服务体系