数学专业英语(只是部分,不是很完整).ppt

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数学专业英语(只是部分,不是很完整)

Mathematics comes from man’s social practice, for example, industrial and agricultural production, commercial activities, military operations and scientific and technological researches.;From the early need of man came the concepts of numbers and forms. Then, geometry developed out of problems of measuring land , and trigonometry came from problems of surveying. To deal with some more complex practical problems, man established and then solved equation with unknown numbers , thus algebra occurred. ;The rapid development of industry in 17th century promoted the progress of economics and technology and required dealing with variable quantities. The leap from constants to variable quantities brought about two new branches of mathematics----analytic geometry and calculus, which belong to the higher mathematics.;Mathematicians study conceptions and propositions, Axioms, postulates, definitions and theorems are all propositions. Notations are a special and powerful tool of mathematics and are used to express conceptions and propositions very often.;The conclusions in mathematics are obtained mainly by logical deductions and computation. For a long period of the history of mathematics, the centric place of mathematics methods was occupied by the logical deductions.;An equation is a statement of the equality between two equal numbers or number symbols.;An identity involving letters is true for any set of numerical values of the letters in it.;A root of an equation is any number or number symbol which satisfies the equation. To obtain the root or roots of an equation is called solving an equation.;To solve an equation means to find the value of the unknown term. To do this , we must, of course, change the terms about until the unknown term stands alone on one side of the equation, thus making it equal to something on the other side. We then obtain the value of the unknown and the answer to the question.;Equations are of very great use. We can use equations in many mathe

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