点击下载Introduction to Digital Television technology.ppt

26-11-01 DTV_d1s3.ppt dsg DSG with thanks to RCL Digital Television Engineering Acknowledgements Dr. Richard C. Lock who did a lot of the intial work for these slides. System I Parameters Lines per picture 625 Field frequency = 50 Hz Interlace 2:1 Line frequency = 15625 kHz Video bandwidth = 5.5 MHz Sound carrier at +6 MHz wrt vision carrier RF channel bandwidth = 8 MHz Channel edge -1.25 MHz wrt vision carrier Vestige width 1.25 MHz Vision modulation: Negative Sound modulation: FM (PM above 3.2 kHz) “PAL+” System - Display on 4 x 3 “PAL+” System - Display “PAL+” System - Encode Digital With coding, allows an increase in perceived information in a given bandwidth. Allows co-channel working for the same information (i.e. programme). Releases channels. The present technology (just) allows the processing to be carried out. Encoding Television Waveforms A few numbers for system I:- Number of active lines = 575 Aspect ratio (horiz:vert size) = 4:3 4/3 ? 575 = 767 ‘elements’ horizontally. ITU-R (former CCIR) recommends: 720 luminance samples per line. 360 chrominance samples per alternate line Result is at least 135 Mb/s for 8 bits per sample Hence, requirement to minimise bandwidth. The A-to-D requirement Questions:- Sample what? When? Precision? etc. Choice of Parameters etc. Sampling rate Exceed Nyquist. Standardise for all systems. Sample which waveforms:- RGB? Composite? Y and weighted Chrominance? Bit rate High to achieve minimum quantisation SNR. Low to reduce compression required. Spectrum of sampled R, G, B Spectrum of sampled R, G, B - comments For each colour, full bandwidth is required. Three waveforms (red, green, blue) Sampled at 13.5 MHz (for Nyquist) Good SNR for each sampled waveform: eight bits per sample for signal to quantisation noise ratio of 59 dB. Conclusion Bit rate 3 x 8 bits/sample x 13.5 M samples/s = 324 Mb/s. Sampled Luminance and Chrominance - comments For Luminance, full bandwidth is required. Sampled at 13.5 MHz (for Nyqu