- 1、本文档共45页,可阅读全部内容。
- 2、原创力文档(book118)网站文档一经付费(服务费),不意味着购买了该文档的版权,仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用,不得用于商业用途,未经授权,严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等,侵权必究。
- 3、本站所有内容均由合作方或网友上传,本站不对文档的完整性、权威性及其观点立场正确性做任何保证或承诺!文档内容仅供研究参考,付费前请自行鉴别。如您付费,意味着您自己接受本站规则且自行承担风险,本站不退款、不进行额外附加服务;查看《如何避免下载的几个坑》。如果您已付费下载过本站文档,您可以点击 这里二次下载。
- 4、如文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等,请点击“版权申诉”(推荐),也可以打举报电话:400-050-0827(电话支持时间:9:00-18:30)。
查看更多
研究有机反应机理的方法
有机反应机理 有机反应机理的研究方法 动力学同位素效应 有机反应中间体 3. 同位素效应 研究证明, C-H 键断裂所需活化能比C-D键断裂所需活化能要小, 因此, C-H键的反应速率比C-D键反应速率要大, 动态同位素效应就是根据这一差别而定义的. 动态同位素效应kH/kD D2O; CDCl3, CD3SOCD3 醇的氧化反应 * * 第一章 有机反应机理及研究方法 高分子工程室 张所波 第一章 有机反应机理的研究方法 1.有机反应机理 (Proposing Reaction Mechanism) Let’s work out a reasonable mechanism for a simple reaction: one you probably haven’t seen before. Since the overall result of the reaction is to replace an ethoxy group by a cyanide group, it may be tempting to propose an SN2 mechanism. However, an essential requirement for any SN2 reaction is that the group being displaced by the nucleophile must be a good leaving group. Only a small group of anions, all the conjugated bases of strong acids, can act as leaving groups in typical SN2 reactions. That group includes chloride, bromides, and iodide anions, as well as derivatives of sulfate anions, such as benzenesulfonate anions. Neutral molecules, such as water and alcohols, can act as leaving groups in SN2 and E2 reactions under acidic or basic conditions. Proposing a reasonable Reaction Mechanism. How can you select a reasonable mechanism for the reaction described above? Don’t start out by trying to arrive at the products of the reaction. Instead, focus on the starting materials, and select the reaction they are most likely to undergo under the reaction conditions. Then, do the same with the products of the reaction you’ve proposed and, if necessary, with the products of the second reaction and later reactions. It is surprising how often a sequence of the most likely steps will lead to the actual reaction products. The staring organic compound is an alcohol, which will be partially converted to its anion by reaction with cyanide ions or other bases. Ignore the fact that this reaction may not seem to be leading to the desired product, and consider what can happen to the new anion. It can, of course, pick up a proton to give back the starting alcohol, but obviously, that leads nowhere. The only other reacti
您可能关注的文档
- 短文精读详解.doc
- 知识点学习(顺序图和协作图 ).ppt
- 短期偿债能力分析英语.ppt
- 短篇英文作文【第一篇至第四十篇】.doc
- 石坚:英语专业教学与创新人才培养.ppt.ppt
- 短语辨析too many,too much,much too.ppt
- 石大在线,一到三阶段大学英语1在线作业答案.docx
- 石家庄2012年普通高中学业水平(12月)考试英语试题.doc
- 石家庄市2015届高三复习教学质量检测文科数学.doc
- 石市二中高一英语10月.doc
- 分析let s单元56ago2卷纸zheng unit56.pdf
- 塑胶材料其它分类原料pa9t 12.pdf
- md16x16数字媒体切换器设备.pdf
- 者参考项目发起人学科类型单位序列承包商修订页代码顺序典型.pdf
- 届世界天然气大会阿姆斯特丹2006add10288.pdf
- 期测试记录表每周weekly g1g6 journeys tests level 6 lesson26.pdf
- modernize-whitepaper现代化您应用程序白皮书.pdf
- anybackup产品典型案例分析.pdf
- 约克金融工程课程tfeslide32.pdf
- 广州市妇女儿童医疗中心历份教学药历01tjy.pdf
文档评论(0)