英语写作 Developing Paragraphs, part II.ppt

Plan and write a cause and effect paragraph Topic: Traffic jams in big cities in China Topic Sentence Details: What are the causes? Concluding sentence: summary of main cause of traffic jams Development by Classification Often we have many ideas, people, or objects so we want to classify (organize) them into groups of similarities or differences Gives us a clearer understanding of the topic Words and phrases Kinds, types, parts, classes, categories Can be divided into…kinds/types/parts/classes/categories More examples on p. 113 Sample 1 Topic Sentence: Instead they had hundreds of different names, each identifying a separate tribe and culture. What categories of “Indians” are there? What words or phrases do they use to organize these? Development by Classification Some Indians were hunters, some were farmers, some fishers, some warriors… Many groups of Indians lived in one place all their lives; others were almost always traveling… Each group had its own language Some Indians led a simple life…but a few groups built great cities… Sample 1 Topic Sentence: Instead they had hundreds of different names, each identifying a separate tribe and culture. Many categories of Indians Concluding sentence: Each tribe was basically independent. Brings the reader back to the central idea Task 22, p. Add items to the list Cities can be classified according the following criteria (groups or conditions) Size Living space for residents ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ Check your answers Homework Edit, rewrite your Cause and Effect paragraph about Traffic Jams. Check for topic sentence. Cause or effect? Details and their relationship to the topic (cause or effect). Did you assign appropriate linking words Concluding sentence: Does it bring the reader back to the topic? Write a classification paragraph about cities from Task 22. Journal NO journal this week ? Mid-term Review Punctuation rules Word Choice Guidelines Common Mistakes Run-on Sentences and