专业英语lesson2.pptVIP

参考译文 建筑法规不指定设计程序，但规定设计要求和所必须满足的约束。对结构工程师特别重要的是建筑物最低活载的规定。尽管鼓励工程师调查实际加载条件并尝试确定实际的数值， 结构必须能够支撑这些指定的最小负荷。 prescription [priskrip??n] n. 药方；指示；惯例 adj. 凭处方方可购买的 Building Codes Although some large cities write their own building codes, many municipalities will adopt a “model” building code and modify it to suit their particular needs. Model codes are written by various nonprofit organizations in a form that is easily adopted by a governmental unit. Currently, there are three national model codes: the BOCA National Building Code, the Uniform Building Code, and the Standard Building Code. A related document, similar in form to a building code, is ASCE 7-98. Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures. This standard is intended to provide load requirements in a format suitable for adoption by a building code． 参考译文 虽然一些大城市制定自己的建筑规范，许多城市将采用建筑法规的模式并进行修改，以适合其特定需要。这些法规模型以政府单位易于接受的形式由各种非营利组织编写。目前，有三个国家的模型规范： 博卡国家建筑标准、 统一的建筑法规和标准建设规范。 类似于建筑规范的相关文件是 ASCE 7 — — 98，建筑物和其他结构最小设计荷载。这一标准旨在以建筑规范适合采用的格式提出负载要求。 Design Specifications In contrast to building codes, design specifications give more specific guidance for the design of structural members and their connections. They present the guidelines and criteria that enable a structural engineer to achieve the objectives mandated by a building code. Design specifications represent what is considered to be good engineering practice based on their latest research． 参考译文 相对于建筑规范，设计规范给设计结构构件和其连接更具体的指导。其中提出的指导方针和标准，使结构工程师来达到建筑规范强制规定的目标。设计规范代表了建立在最新研究的基础上被认为是良好的工程实践。 mandate [m?ndeit] n. 命令，指令；委托管理；授 权；受命进行的工作 vt. 托管；授权 guidelines [gaid,linz] n. 指导方针 Design Specifications They are periodically revised and updated by supplements or by completely new editions. As with model building codes, design specifications are written in a legal format by nonprofit organizations. They have no legal standing on their own, but by presenting design criteria and limits in the form of legal mandates and prohibitions, they can easil