温度与秸秆比例对牛粪好氧堆肥的影响 - 环境工程学报.doc

温度与秸秆比例对牛粪好氧堆肥的影响 赵秀玲1，朱新萍1，罗艳丽1，余雄2，贾宏涛1*，李金军1，刘洪蓬3 （1.新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院，新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052；2.新疆农业大学动物科学学院，新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052； 3.山东省德州市农业局土壤肥料工作站，山东 德州?253016） 摘要：为了研究不同C/N比值在不同温度条件下牛粪堆肥30d时的全量养分和有机质的含量情况，提出了以新鲜牛粪和苜蓿秸秆混合物为堆料，在添加1%的生物腐熟剂的基础上，对堆肥温度及C/N比进行调控，并进行交叉试验。结果表明：（1）采用培养箱进行好氧发酵时，在温度为30℃和45℃的环境下堆肥最佳，温度过低或过高都会影响堆肥。（2）牛粪高温好氧堆肥时,添加一定比例的苜蓿秸秆可以调节堆料的C/N比值、含水量，缩短堆肥时间，其中牛粪与秸秆比例为1:1混合堆肥效果较好。（3）堆肥30d时，堆料的TN、TP、TK含量较堆肥初期都有所增加，有机质含量有所降低是因为矿化和释放养分造成的，且各含量均符合国家有机肥标准。 关键词：温度；秸秆添加比例；好氧堆肥;牛粪;C/N 中图分类号 S141.4 Impact of temperature and straw adding ratio on contents of nutrients in cow dung aerobic compost Zhao Xiuling1, Zhu Xinping1, Luo Yanli1, Yu Xiong2, Jia Hongtao1*, Li Jinjun 1, Liu Hongpeng3 （1.College of Grassland and Environmental Sciences，Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052；2. College of Animal Science , Xinjiang Agricultur University , Urumqi , 830052; 3. Soil and Fertilizer Working Station of Dezhou Municipal Agricultural Bureau in Shandong, Dezhou , 253016）Abstract: In order to study the contents of total amount of nutrients and the organic matter in cow dung after composting for 30 days under different C / N ratio and varied temperature conditions, the mixture of fresh cow dung and alfalfa straw were taken as the composting material. On the basis of adding 1% of biological decomposition agent, a crossover trial was made while the temperature and the C / N ratio of the compost could be changed and controlled,. Results showed that, firstly, when using the incubator for aerobic fermentation, composting reached the best effect with an environmental temperature at 30℃ or 45℃, while over-low or over-high temperatures could affect the composting. Secondly, when the cow dung was in aerobic composting process at high temperature, adding a certain proportion of alfalfa straw could adjust the C / N ratio, change the water content of composting material, and shorten the composting time. A 1:1 ratio of cow dung to straw of the mixture could reach the best result. Thirdly,