词汇学 Unit 9.ppt

Unit9 The Stylistic Aspect of English Words iii. To pefer borrowed words E.g. Yoplait Yogurt Est Fantastique ( is fantastic) iv. To perfer verbs and adjectivesgive, have, and, make, charming, first-rate and superior v. To perfer compounds farmhouse-fresh taste, oven-fresh bread or wash-and-wear suit. vi. To perfer clipped words For Rent: 1 bdr, mod. furn. $200/mo. A/C avail. after Xmas. bdr=bedroom mod=modern furn=furniture mo=month A/C=air-condition avail=available Xmas=Christmas d.Advertising language Goal:to attract and persuade the public Language: brief,clear,impressive and reader-friendly Princples to follow: i.To prefer colloquial words mom--mother kids-- children ii.To prefer coinages (to achieve eye-catching effects) Come to our Fruice.(blending) * Major contents 9.1 Style and formality 9.2 Genre and vocabulary 9.1 Style and formality Style: variation of a persons speech or writing according to situations Martin Joos distinguishes five scales of formality dubbed 5 clocks (1962): a. intimate b. casual c. consultative d. formal e. frozen Intimate: Up you go, chaps! Casual: Time you all went upstairs now. Consultative: Would you mind going upstairs right away, please? Formal: Visitors would go up the stairs at once. Frozen: Visitors would make their way at once to the upper floor by way of the staircase. The English styles continuum(schmitt,2002) Three broad categories of style Formal words Formal words are used in discourses of formal styles: political ang legal documents, literary works, scientific prose,business letters, lectures, and addresses, etc. They are also called learned words or big words. Formal words are often polysyllabic. Enthrone, entitlement, evangelize, longevity, literati, icentiate, incorporeal, incommensurate, incommode, impermissible, imperishable, impedimenta, impenitent, foregoing Formal words are often borrowed words from La