语法ppt 从属结构(一).ppt

1无动词分句的结构模式 无动词分句，就结构模式来说，分为不带从属连词，带有从属连词和带有自己主语的三类。 不带从属连词的无动词分句 这类无动词分句可由形容词词组表示： Speechless, Victor Henry nodded and sat on a folding seat Big and fat ,she went to Mass every morning . Right or wrong ,I have given him a piece of mind. 还可由名词词组表示： An excellent speaker ,he was never at a loss for a word. 关于“独立结构” 独立结构‘常见于正式语体，特别是文学体裁，在口语中叫罕见，用于文学体裁，“独立结构’能使句子结构紧凑，用此精炼，描写生动，形象具体是文学语言常用的修辞手法。 Infinitive Clause (不定式分句) 1 –ing Participle Clause (-ing 分词分句 ) 2 –ed Participle Clause (-ed 分词分句) 3 Lecture 32 Subordination Construction Ⅱ (丛 属 结 构 Ⅱ ) Part One Infinitive Clause Infinitive Clause Without Subject a) ★ 不定式的逻辑主语是隐含的： 1) I hope to able to come. (指“我 能 来”) 2) The best thing would be to tell everybody.（谁去告诉？需按上下文或情景判断） ★ 从内在意义上看就是说话人自己： 3） To be frank , I think it meaningless. Ⅰ Structure of Infinitive Clause (不定式分句的结构模式) b) Infinitive Clause with subject ★ 主语通常由for引出： 1) We’d be delighted for you to come next come. (很高兴“你下星期能来”) ★ 间或由with, rather than引出： 2) Rather than you do the job, I’d prefer to finish it myself. ★ 独立结构： 3) We shall assemble at 10:45, the procession to start moving at precisely 11. c) Infinitive Clause with –wh ★ 间或带疑问词: 1) I don’t know what to do. ★ 间或带从属连词: 2) He opened his lips as if to say something. Ⅱ Function of Infinitive Clause （不定式分句的句法功能） To accept the job would mean moving to Florida. (作主语) 2) Bruno’s intention was to win the game. （作主补） 3) He promised to stop taking drugs. （作宾语） 4) I advised him to take a taxi, or he might be late. （作宾补） She stood up to be seen better. (表目的) = She stood up so that she could be seen better. He got to station only to be told that the train had left. (表结果) 3) He was lucky to have found the lost child. （表原因） Part Two –ing Participle Clause a) –ing Participle Clause without subject and subordinator ★ 在特定的上下文或情景中判断: 1)