高中英语语法句子成分修改版.ppt

* * 句子成分分析 1.主语 Subject 位置：一般位于系动词或谓语动词前。 作用：系表描述的对象或谓语动作的发出者。 Betty likes her new bike. They usually go to school on foot. To learn a foreign language is not easy. Playing basketball after school is great fun. What I want is a book. 2.谓语 Predicate 位置：一般位于主语后。 作用：表示主语发出的动作。 谓语通常由动词充当，动词常分为实义动词、连系动词、情态动词以及助动词。情态动词和助动词必须和实义动词或连系动词一起构成谓语。实义动词包括及物动词和不及物动词，及物动词后面要带宾语。例如： They work very hard. （不及物动词） She bought a new house last year. （及物动词） We can speak English very well.（情态动词+实义动词） They are playing over there.（连系动词+实义动词） He doesn’t like fishing. （助动词+实义动词） 3. 表语 predicative 位置：跟在连系动词后。系动词包括be动词，感官动词以及get, become等。 作用：说明主语的身份、特征和状态。例如： Tom feels much better now. （ 形容词 ） Her sister is a nurse. ( 名词 ) When he heard the news, he got angry. （ 形容词 ） He was at home last night. （ 介词短语 ） His cup is broken. (过去分词 ) --Where are you, Mum? --I’m here. （ 副词 ） Why didn’t I go to school yesterday? The reason is that I was ill. 4.宾语 Object 位置：位于及物动词后或介词后 作用：动作的对象或承受者 Tom bought a storybook last week. --How many books do you want? --I want seven. He wanted to have a cup of tea. She enjoys playing basketball. Our teacher said that he would go there. 5. 宾语补足语 Object Complement 位置：位于宾语后 作用：补充说明宾语 Electricity can make a machine run. What he said made me very angry. His father named him Dongming. You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you. We saw her entering the room. They found Guilin greatly changed. He found everything in good order. Let the fresh air in. 5. 宾语补足语 Object Complement 位置：位于宾语后 作用：补充说明宾语 Electricity can make a machine run. What he said made me very angry. His father named him Dongming. You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you. We saw her entering the room. They found Guilin greatly changed. He found everything in good order. Let the fresh air in. 6. 定语 This is a green jeep. The building is their teaching building. The woman doctor is my wife. Attention, please. I have something to tell you. The man in front of