虚拟语气在if条件从句中的用法.docVIP

虚拟语气在if条件从句中的用法在if 引导的虚拟条件句中，若表示与现在事实相反，从句谓语用“动词过去式（be 的过去式用were ）,主句谓语用“would(should, could, might)+have+过去分词”；若表示与将来事实相反，从句谓语用“动词过去式（were to +动词原形，should+动词原形）”，主句谓语用“would(should, could, might)+动词原形”。若把从句中were, should 或had移到句首，可省略从句的连词 if 并使用倒装语序. If my lawyer ___here last Saturday ,he ____me from going.(NMET’89)A. had been ;would have prevented B. had been ; would preventC. were ;would preventD. were;would have prevented②---If he ____,he ____that food. --Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.(MET’93) A. was warned ;would not takeB. had been warned ;would not have takenC. would be warned; had not takenD. would have been warned; had not taken ③ I didn’t see your sister at the meeting .If she ___,she would have met my brother.(NMET’94)A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come④____it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.(1994,上海)A. Were B. should C. Would D. Will 2．考查通过上下文或介词短语表示虚拟条件的虚拟语气的用法在英语中，有时假设的条件不是通过if 条件句表达出来，而是通过上下文或without, but for 等介词构成的短语表达，其谓形式要根据所假设的时间，与if 从句所表达的时间对应，确定主句谓语形式。 [考例]⑤Without electricity human life ____quite different today.(NMET’91) A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be ⑥I told Sally how to get here ,but perhaps I ____for her .(NMET’94) A. had to write out B. must have written it out C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out ⑦without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat, the earth at night___, too cold for us to live.(1997,上海) A. would be freezing cold B. will be freezing coldly C. would be frozen cold D. can freeze coldly 3.考查虚拟语气在as if 引导的方式状语或表语从句中的用法 As if 引导的方式状语或表语从句，谓语动词用“一般过去式”表示与现在事实相反；用“would(might, could)+动词原形”表示与将来事实相反。 ]⑧The two strangers talked as if they ____friends for years.(1993,上海) A.should be B.would be C.have been D.had been ⑨When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _____.(NMET’95) A.breaks B.has broken C.were broken D.had been broken 4.考查虚拟语气在wish 后面宾语从句的用法 Wish 后面的从句，谓语用“过去式”表示现在不能实现的愿望；用“had+过去分词”表示过去没有实现的愿望；