浊水溪流域山区裂隙岩体水力试验成果与未来发展 - 中兴顾问社-大地 .doc

山區裂隙岩體水力試驗成果與未來發展濁水溪流域 許震雄1、吳年昌2、周柏儀3 1.中興工程顧問社大地工程研究中心 助理工程師 2.中興工程顧問社大地工程研究中心 助理工程師 3.中興工程顧問社大地工程研究中心 副研究員 摘 要 臺灣地質特徵因劇烈板塊運動形而複雜，山區岩層水力特性之調查工作除了能針對屬地水文地質特性進行評估，做為建立山區整體水文地質架構之基礎，亦提供不同環境地質構造下地表水與地下水互動機制之論證。依據中央地質調查所所辦理的「台灣山區地下水資源調查研究整體計畫」之工作規畫，本研究中心計劃團隊在濁水溪流域中上游布置29孔水文地質鑽孔，進行一系列的孔內水地質調查工作，探討特定岩體或裂隙的水文地質與物理特性，了解其水力傳導與蓄存的潛能。本文主要闡述的重點以封塞水力試驗的介紹與發展為核心，搭配現地岩心判識和井測訊號判讀標定孔內優勢裂隙或聯通性熱區，進而討論裂隙岩體流動的影響因子與量化的方式，進而回饋與檢討現地水力試驗工作流程的適合性，以及封塞水力試驗的未來發展。本計畫在29孔水文地質鑽孔中共計標定出158個試驗區段進行雙封塞水力試驗，依據現地經驗，歸結出快速標定優勢或主控透水段的準則。而再整合所有孔位試驗區段資料後，選定其中67組試驗段進行關聯性分析，在依據其分佈範圍分級之後，進行測試準則之驗證。結果說明，裂隙岩體的水力特性受到岩性和裂隙所主控，透過關聯性分析的比對可知，當現地工作需要標定優勢水脈時，岩性與裂隙特性存在一主控比例，唯同時考慮兩者之貢獻才能估算出合理之水文地質參數，亦能進一步進行模式合理化推估。現地試驗人員在工作執行前，除了必須完成設備檢核與環境踏勘之外，也應藉由岩心紀錄與孔內攝影資料掌握試驗區段岩性特徵，才能確保試驗能順利進行，提升數據成果所反應的現地真實性。 關鍵詞：裂隙岩體、封塞水力試驗、濁水溪流域 ABSTRACT The study of fractured rock aquifers and their corresponding hydrogeological characteristics has dramatic implications for engineering geology practice. It is the goal of this study strives to identify more efficient method to discern hydraulically conductive fractures. The use of geophysical methods to characterize the regional and site-specific hydrogeologic properties has been studied in greater detail, which not only facilitates the parameter interpretation, but provides more detail information on the interaction of ground water and surface water in different geological settings. In this communication, the results obtained with the straddle-packer test at the mid- stream of the Jhuoshuei river basin are reported. The specific focus is on the transmissivity of fracture zones, whereby a guideline for quick identification of conductible fractures was provided. A total of 29 vertical boreholes were drilled in the study area with depths of at least 100m. The lithostratigraphic characteristics of the host rock were recognized by core inspection, geophysical logging, and borehole imaging. The key hydraulic properties of 158 designated segments were evaluated by various hydraulic tests. Of