贵州喀斯特人工草地土壤水分空间异质性对放牧强度的响应 王普昶 .docVIP

贵州喀斯特人工草地土壤水分空间异质性对放牧强度的响应 王普昶，王志伟，丁磊磊，莫本田，舒健虹，李世歌 （贵州省草业研究所，贵州 贵阳550006） 摘 要：采用地统计学方法研究了贵州南部人工草地不同放牧强度（零牧、中牧和重牧）下浅层土壤剖面(0-10、10-20和20-30 cm)水分的空间异质性及其影响因素。结果表明：喀斯特人工草地土壤水分的平均值与变异系数均呈现出明显的放牧强度变化与剖面变化规律；在不同放牧强度下，0-10和10-20 cm土壤剖面含水量均表现为NGHGMG，20-30 cm土层土壤含水量为NGMGHG，变异系数均呈中等变异(10%CV100% )，平均含水量处于中等水平时土壤水分变异性较高；土壤水分的Moran’s I自相关分析表明，不同放牧强度下不同土层草地土壤水分均具有较强的空间自相关性，且空间自相关性主要受放牧影响；土壤水分半方差分析表明，不同放牧强度下不同土层草地土壤水分空间分布特征模型为指数模型、球状模型或高斯模型，表明其均为聚集分布；不同放牧强度C/(C0+C) 值在0.500-0.817之间，表明土壤水分表现出中等或很强的空间自相关性；不同放牧强度土壤水分变程在2.77-15.61 m 范围内变化（零牧，2.53-12.82 m；中牧，2.77-15.61 m；重牧，14.03-18.79 m），说明影响土壤水分的生态过程随放牧强度变化在不同尺度上起作用； Kriging maps直观地反映和验证了草地土壤水分的空间变化规律，与Moran’s I和半方差函数分析的结果相吻合。综合分析发现，在小尺度内，重牧是地势平坦的喀斯特人工草地表层土壤水分空间变异的主要影响因素。 关键词：喀斯特；草地；土壤水分；空间变异性；放牧 中图分类号：S152 The response of small scale spatial variability of pasture soil moisture to?grazing intensity in karst grassland of Guizhou WANG Puchang, WANG Zhiwei, DING Leilei, MO Bentian, SHU Jianhong, Li Shige (Guizhou Institute of Prataculture, Guiyang 550006) Abstract: This study identified the factors that control soil moisture patterns under different grazing intensities in the pasture grazing system of Guizhou. Three different levels of goat grazing intensity were sampled for various soil moistures including no grazing, moderate grazing and heavy grazing. The data were analyzed using correlation and geostatistical analysis. The results indicated that obviously trend were showed on the average and spatial heterogeneity of the pasture soil moisture as the changing of grazing intensity and soil profile. Under different grazing intensity, soil moisture content of 0-10 and 10-20 cm layers were for NG HG MG, soil moisture content of 20-30 cm were for MG NG HG, coefficient of variation were moderate variation (10% CV 100%), high soil moisture variation was during medium level of the average water content. Morans I autocorrelation analysis show that soil moisture had strong autocorrelation, and the correlation was mainly affected by grazin