汉语语气系统的特点.pdfVIP

2009 10 外 国语 文 Oct. , 2009 25 5 Foreign Language and Literature Vo.l 25 No. 5 张德禄 ( , 26607 1 ) : 韩礼德( 1992)说, (语言学) 分析中的范畴有两类: 理论范畴和描述范畴 理论范畴, 从本质上讲, 是适 于所有语言的 但描述范畴原则上讲, 是适 于某 个语言的!语气和情态是理论范畴, 是从语言在人类交际 中的基本功能发展而来从这 个角度讲, 它们是普遍特征, 适合于所有的语言但它们的体现在不同的语言中是 不同的体现语气和情态的范畴是描述范畴它们除了可以联合起来体现语气和情态以外, 也是由语言的运作机 制和基本的文化环境来决定的本文旨在探索汉语语气中的描述范畴的特点, 以发现语言作为符号系统的真实运 作过程 : 语气; 情态; 主语; 谓语 : H 01 : A : 167 - 6 1 ( 2009) 05- 0001- 07 Som e Characteristics of Ch inese M ood System ZH AN G D elu A bstrac t: H alliday( 1992) says: The categories used in the analysis are of wt o k inds: theoretical and descriptiveThe theoretical categories, by definition, are general to all languages; they have evolved in the construction of a general lingu is tic theoryDescriptive categories are in princip le language specific; they have evolved in the description of particu lar lan guages. ! Mood and M odality are theoretical categories, developed from the fundamental functions of language in hum an communication. So in th is sense, they are un iversal categories, common to all languages. But how they are realizedw ill va ry from language to language. The categories that realizeM ood and M odality system s are descriptive categories. Apart from their joint effect of realizing Mood and M odality, the specific categories are determ ined by the basic work ing princip les of language and the basic cultural environm ent. So the present paper is intended to explore the special characteristics of the descriptive categories of ChineseM ood in order to know how language really operates as a sem iotic system. K ey w ord s: mood; m odality; subject; predicate