第三天化学知识点总汇之基本概念和基本理论(外国英文资料).docVIP

第三天化学知识点总汇之基本概念和基本理论(国外英文资料) On the third day Basic concepts and basic theories First, in the middle school chemistry study we divide it into four parts, which is clear and strong! Composition and structure of matter (including chemical language) The classification of substances The laws of the nature and change of matter and the conservation of mass Four, solution Basic concepts and basic theories (1) Composition and structure of matter (1) the relationship between molecules, atoms and ions 1. 2. The relationship between the three particles in chemical changes: (2) several decisions and several equations decide (1) the number of protons (or the amount of nuclear charge) determines the type of the element. (2) the outermost electrons determine the chemical properties of the elements 2. The equation (1) the number of protons = the nuclear charge = the number of electrons (in the atom) (2) atomic mass = proton number plus neutron number (3) the number of charges that ions carry = the value of their valence (3) the essential difference between chemical and physical changes The molecules themselves do not change in physical change, but between the molecules. In a chemical change the molecules are broken up into atoms and atoms are regrouped into molecules of new material. (4) the microstructure of substances and the composition of macros. A typical example The following statements about molecules are correct () A. everything is made up of molecules. The molecules are the smallest particles of chemical change The molecule is the smallest particle that keeps the chemical properties of matter The answer is D. Case 2. According to the al-hayat report, the pupils like to use white, contain many volatile harmful material, long-term use easy cause chronic poisoning and dizziness, headache, methylene chloride is one of them. The following statement on CH2Cl2 is correct () A. Dichloromethane is made up of carbon, hydrogen and chlorine gas B. dichloromethane is made up of carbon,