菌种分离与多种混养菌.doc

中文题目：铁矿区功能菌的分离与多菌种混合培养条件的研究 外文题目：STUDY ON ISOLATION OF FUNCTIONAL BACTERIA AND CONDITIONS OF MULTISTRAINS MIXED CULTURE IN IRON MINING AREA 毕业设计（论文）共 54 页（其中：外文文献及译文 25 页） 图纸共 0 张 完成日期 2013年 6月 答辩日期 2013 年 6月 摘要 本研究以本溪北台露天铁矿排石场自然恢复地的土壤为实验材料，采用传统的平板培养法进行自生固氮菌、解磷菌和解钾菌的筛选。利用比浊法，以混合功能菌的生长量作为标准，对多菌种混合培养的条件进行单因素试验，并利用正交设计方法确定最佳的培养条件。 研究表明，试验分离筛选出自生固氮菌4株、解磷菌3株、解钾菌3株；三种土壤功能菌的最佳培养条件是，培养基pH 7.5，接种量6%，培养时间4d；三种因素对多种混合菌种生长量的影响大小排序为：培养时间 ＞ 培养基pH ＞ 接种量。本研究将为矿区微生物研究、铁矿排土场生态恢复和土地资源合理利用提供一定的科学依据。 关键词：铁矿区；自生固氮菌；解磷菌；解钾菌；培养条件 Abstract Iron mine dump has not been taken action about land reclamation and reuse planning for a long time. The disposition of mining wastes has brought serious environmental problems. With the emergence of these issues, ecological restoration and exploitation of the mining wastelands have become particularly important. In this study, by the traditional plate culture method, azotobacter, phosphobacteria and potassium bacteria were isolated from natural restoration soils in Benxi Beitai Iron open-pit mine dump. By turbidimetry, growth mixed bacteria was used as the standard. Single factor experiment was conducted about the condition of multi-strain culture. And the best culture condition was determined with orthogonal design method. The results showed that four strains of azotobacter, three stains of phosphobacteria and three strains of potassium bacteria were isolated. The optimum culture condition of three kinds of soil bacteria was culture pH of 7.5, inoculation of 6%, culture time of four days. The order of three factors on affectting mixed bacteria growth is culture time ＞ pH ＞ inoculation. This study will provide a scientific basis for microbial research, ecological restoration and land rational use in iron.mine area. Key words: Iron producing area；zotobacter; Phosphobacteria; Potassium bacteria; Condition of culture 目 录 1　引言 1 1.1　矿业废弃地对环境的影响 1 1.1.1　破坏生态平衡 1 1.1.2　破坏地表景观 2 1.1.3　有害物质扩散 2 1.1.4　侵占土地资源 2 1.1.5　地质灾害频发 3 1.2　土壤中微生物的作用 3 1.2.1　土壤