长期施肥对红壤磷素肥力的影响 - 玉米科学.DOCVIP

不同施肥模式下玉米氮、磷、钾吸收利用特性研究 侯云鹏2,杨建,孔丽丽彩侠波于雷,王立春,谢佳贵 1.农业部东北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室吉林省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所，长春130033余 摘 要：通过年(2014-2015)田间试验，研究了习惯施肥式与优化施肥式米量、氮磷钾累分配及利用影响结果表明，化施肥式米产量较农民习惯施肥式高了%和%，差异达显著水平P0.05)。施肥可显著提高玉米至成熟期氮、磷、积累量，与民习惯施肥模式相比，优化施肥模式可提高玉米灌浆期至成熟期氮、磷、钾积累量和期至成熟期阶段养分分配比例。化施肥式花期氮、磷、钾转运、转运率和转运养分贡献率均于施肥式而累养分献率高于民习惯施肥式。与民习惯施肥相比，优化施肥式肥料收用率提高，农学利用率提高了51.7%，偏生产力提高了36.5%，养分收获指数提高了8.3%。差异均达显著水平(P0.05)。关分析表明，米期至开花期和花期至成熟期氮、磷、钾积累量玉米产间均存在著或极显的正向相关性，中花期至成熟期氮、磷、钾积累量产间关性数于期至期综上所述，本试验条件下，优化肥模式制氮、磷、钾肥总量肥期控，玉产量、磷钾吸收利用均优于农民习惯施肥模式。化施肥习惯；量累；利用效率 Hou Yun-peng1, Yang Xiao-dan2,Yang Jian1, Kong Li-li1, Yin Cai-xia1, Qin Yu-bo1, Yu Lei1,Wang li-chun1*, Xie Jia-gui1* 1. Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-Environment in Northeast Region, Ministry of Agriculture/Agricultural Resources and Environment Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Changchun 130033; 2. Agricultural?Technology?Extension?Station?of?XinWanfa?Township,?Fuyu?City Abstract: Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of the mode of farmers practices (FP) and optimized fertilization (OPT) on maize yield, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) accumulation, distribution and utilization for two years (2014-2015). The results showed that maize yield of OPT mode increased by 9.2% and 8.5% than that of FP mode, and it arrived at significant difference(P0.05) between OPT mode and FP mode. The accumulation of N, P and K increased significantly with the increment of fertilizer application from seedling stage to mature stage. Compared with FP mode, OPT mode could improved the accumulation of N, P and K from filling stage to mature stage and the distribution proportion of nutrient from flowering stage to mature stage. The amount of N, P and K translocation, translocation rates and contribution rates of nutrient translocation of OPT mode was lower than them of FP mode at the flowering stage, but contribution rates of nutrient accumulation of OPT was higher than that of FP. Compared with FP mode, fertil