欧克肖特政治哲学要义新释.docVIP

欧克肖特政治哲学要义新释 　　摘要： 主张“哲学与实践相分离”是欧克肖特一贯的思想立场。他指出现代哲学深深地陷入理性主义的窠臼。他对政治中的理性主义的批判的目的就是让哲学和政治实践恪守各自的领域。现今理性主义过多地与政治实践纠缠在一起，而现在正是要区隔它们的时候 Abstract: The relative separation between philosophy and practice is Oakeshotts consistent viewpoint. He denotes that modern philosophy is stuck in rationalism. His critique of rationalism in politics is to let philosophy and practice abide by one’s own duty. Rationalism, which is now excessively in close relation with politics, must be stripped from it. 关键词： 哲学；实践；行为 Key words: philosophy；practice；behavior 中图分类号：B0 文献标识码：A文章编号：1006-4311（2010）35-0316-03 Rationalism aims at bringing the behavior into clear frame, which made the tradition of politics cut apart incoherently. It wants to prove its own correctness in theory and practice. Oakeshott?s criticism is resulted from his reflection to the modern philosophy. This paper attempts to discover the theoretical foundation of Oakeshott?s political philosophy while dealing with two key concepts about it. 1Philosophy and Practice as Modes of Experience Oakeshott insists that philosophy should avoid becoming tool of ideological and political propaganda. Philosophy should adhere to the attitude of “radical subversion”. Nevertheless, his attitude of subversion is not shown in a kind of theory which would bring about political revolution, but in his view of “experience as a whole”. Oakeshott does not offer this view with the mysterious veil. He just denotes that we would receive more consistent understanding about world in the mode of “whole experience”. According to Oakeshott, the dualism about the relation of “experience” and “the object of experience” would have less acceptability than the doctrine such as “there is only an experience world as whole”[1]. There is no other work expressing philosophy of Oakeshott more directly than experience and their mode.This early work is mainly benefited from thoughts of Bradley and Hegel. It learns from Plato, Aristotle and Spinoza t