浅谈文学翻译中灵活翻译.doc

浅谈文学翻译中灵活翻译摘要：做文学翻译时，对原文一些内容要灵活处理，但这种灵活不是无的放矢的，要建立在理解原文的基础上，要时刻照顾读者的反映，本文试从《红楼梦》的两个英译本对此作以分析 关键词：文学翻译 灵活翻译 理解原文 读者反映 【中图分类号】I046【文献标识码】A【文章编号】1004-1079（2008）10-0209-02 翻译文学著作是为了向目的语读者传递原作的思想内涵和文化信息，使原著的艺术构思和艺术形象在新的语言环境中获得新的艺术生命，那么目的语读者的反映便是不可不考虑的因素，所以翻译实践中对一些内容适度地灵活处理就会比逐字对译让读者易于接受，但此译法的前提是掌握原文的意图，充分理解原文。我们不妨举出《红楼梦》两个英译本中的几例，就此做一简要分析: 例一: 蒋玉菡情赠茜香罗薛宝钗羞笼红麝串 (杨译) Jiang Yuhan gives a new friend a scarlet perfumed sash Baochai bashfully shows her red bracelet scented with musk (霍译) A crimson cummerbund became a pledge of friendship And a chaplet of medicine-beads becomes a source of embarrassment 相比之下，杨译固然直接，一一对应译出了字面意思，但细细品味似乎并不如霍译的a pledge of friendship和a source of embarrassment概括性强，含义深刻，它开篇就点明题旨，有吸引读者继续读书的作用，而且读毕下面章节后仍会觉得言简意赅，含义隽永 例二： （原文） ……就便死了，也是屈死鬼，任凭高僧高道忏悔也不能超生，还得你申明了缘故，我才得托生呢！ （杨译）……If I die now I can only become a ghost hounded to death,’ and not even the massed of the best bonzes and Taoists will be able to save my soul. I can only be born again if you’ll tell me what’s wrong (霍译) ……If I were to die now, I should die with a grievance, and all the masses and exorcisms in the world wouldnt lay my ghost. Only when you explained what your reason was for ignoring me should I cease from haunting you and be reborn into another life. “高僧高道”应该是中国特有的，那么Taoist对于不懂汉语的英语读者来说就会感到一头雾水，远没有exorcism来得直接，类比效果更佳，这种灵活翻译是值得称道的 例三： ……湘云走来，笑道：“爱哥哥，林姐姐，你们天天一处玩，我好容易来了，也不理我理儿。”黛玉笑道：“偏是咬舌子爱说话，连个 二哥哥也叫不上来，只是爱哥哥爱哥哥的。回来赶围棋儿，又该你闹幺爱三了。……湘云笑道：这一辈子我自然比不上你。我只保佑着明儿得一个咬舌儿林姐夫，时时刻刻你可听爱呀厄的去！阿弥陀佛，那时才现在我眼里呢！ 说的宝玉一笑，湘云忙回身跑了 （杨译） They were interrupted by Hsiang-yuns arrival. “why, Ai Brother and Sister Lin!” she cried cheerfully. “You can be together every day, but it’s rarely I have a chance to visit you; yet you pay no attention to poor little me.” “The lisper loves to rattle away,” said Tai-yu with a laugh. “Fancy saying ai instead of erh(note) like that. I suppose, when we start dicing, you?ll be shouting one, love, three, four, five…”