grammar 宾语从句和表语从句.pptVIP

什么叫名词性从句？ 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。 (Noun Clauses) 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 1. 动词的宾语从句 ①大多数及物动词、有的动词短语可以带宾语从句。 2.介词的宾语从句 ①一般情况下介词后用wh-类连接词引导宾语从句。 eg. We are talking about what we will have for lunch. ②偶尔except, but, besides, in四个介词后可接that引导的宾语从句。 eg. He would have failed but that you helped him. 3. 形容词的宾语从句 sure, certain, glad, pleased, happy, afraid，surprised, satisfied, sorry等表示“情感”的形容词后也可接宾语从句。 否定的转移: 若主语谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等, 其后的宾语从句若含有否定 意义, 一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上, 从句谓语用肯定式。 I don’t think this dress fits you well. 我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。 二、Predicative Clauses 表语从句 表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性 从句, 放在系动词之后,一般结构是 “主语+系动词+表语从句”。 1. be + 表语从句 最常见的表语从句形式就是“ 连系动词be + 表语从句”。 他上学迟到的原因是他起晚了。 2. 其他连系动词+表语从句 除be以外， 可用于表语从句的连系动词有seem, look, sound, taste, feel, remain等。 天看来要下雨了。 It looks as if it going to rain. *特别关注（1） reason 作主语时的表语从句 主语为名词reason时，表语从句的连接词要用that而不用why. The reason for such a serious accident is that the driver was too careless and drank too much. 表语从句中的虚拟语气 若主句的主语是advice, suggestion, order, request 等表“建议、命令、要求”类的名词时，表语从句的谓语应用虚拟语气，即谓语动词一律用do或should do的形式。 My suggestion is that we (should) have a discussion about this matter. * Unit3 The Million Pound Bank Note Grammar 指出下列名词在句中所做的成分。 1. I love you. 2.Knowledge is power . subject object predicative subject 1. I don’t like what he does every day. 2. This is what he does every day. object clause 宾语从句 predicative clause 表语从句 名词性从句 noun clause 主语从句 subject clause 宾语从句 object clause 表语从句 predicative clause 同位语从句 appositive clause 定语从句 状语从句 复合句 名词性从句中的连接词有: 从属连词: that / whether / if 连接代词: what /who/which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever 连接副词: where / when / why / how / however/ wherever / whenever 详见《世纪金榜》P39表格 I know him . I know who he is . 主语 谓语 宾语 (简单句) 主语 谓语 宾 语