一、动词的时态与语态.ppt

大学英语三级 张聪霞 第一章 动词的时态和语态 时间：过去(Past)、现在(Present)、将来(Future) 时间面 （一般时态）do V 时间点（进行时态）be + V Ving 时间段（完成时态）have Ved 这样构成9种时态, 再加上下列3种，总共12种时态 现在完成进行时态 have been doing 过去完成进行时态 had been doing 将来完成进行时态 will have been doing 一般现在时(Simple Present) (现在、时间面) 表示经常、习惯性动作或状态。常与always, often, usually, sometimes, everyday等连用。 He goes to school everyday. She is our English teacher. 表示永恒的状态或客观真理 Knowledge is power. The earth moves around the sun. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 一般现在时(Simple Present) (现在、时间面) 表示已经预先计划或安排的将要发生的动作。arrive, come, go, start, begin, leave, return。句中常有表示将来的时间状语 The train starts at 9 o’clock in the morning. The plane takes off at five. We leave at nine tomorrow. 不是经常发生的动作或状态。 Here comes the bus. Here we are. 一般现在时(Simple Present) (现在、时间面) 在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，表示将来的动作。 If it is fine tomorrow, we will go to countryside. (=will be) When the harvest time comes, please come and help get in the crops. We’ll start as soon as you are ready. Next time I’ll do as he says. 一般过去时(Simple Past) 表示过去发生的动作或状态。 I saw him yesterday. She bought the bike two years ago. When I studied in the university, I read aloud every morning. She used to carry an umbrella. (“过去常常”) 一般将来时(Simple Future) 形式：第一人称---shall do 第二人称--will do 美语中，一律用will do 用法: 表示将来发生的动作、状态。 He will come and help you. I will (shall) read aloud everyday. 一般将来时(Simple Future) be going to do:表示打算或将要干……,马上就要发生的事。 It’s going to rain. We are going to see him this afternoon. There is going to be a meeting here this evening. be about to do: 即将发生的事 The lecture is about to begin. 一般将来时(Simple Future) be to do : 1 表示安排、计划好的动作 We are to put up a new school by the river. When is the factory to go into production? 2 表示要求、命令某人做某事 You are to stay here until I come back. You are not to bring any