中考英语专题复习十三主谓一致.ppt

* * 语法知识梳理 专题十三 主谓一致 “主谓一致”是指谓语动词与主语必须在人称、性、数上保持一致，即主语是复数，谓语也用复数形式，如are, were, have等，主语是单数，谓语要用单数形式，如：is, was, has, works等。 在具体处理一致关系时可遵循以下三原则: 语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。 由and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，一个人的双重身份时，谓语动词用单数 The worker and writer is from Wuhan. (那个工人兼作家…) 2. 由and连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念时，谓语动词用复数。 The worker and the writer are from Beijing. (那位工人和那位作家) 3. Both…and… 做主语，谓语动词用复数 Both Cathy and her daughter Linda have gone to Canada. 4. everyone of / one of / each of / either of +复数名词作主语，谓语用单数。 Each of the students has a book. 5. 表示时间、距离、金钱等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时，谓语用单数。 Twenty years has passed since he left his hometown. 6. 集体名词 class, family, team, club, population, party, public, police, government, group等作主语。强调整体用单数，强调个体成员用复数。 His family is in Harbin. His family are sports fans. 7. 并不是所有的集合名词都具有以上两种用法： 1.) 有的集合名词总是用作单数(不可数) clothing衣服，poem 诗歌，furniture家俱，scenery 景色等。 2.) 有的集合名词总是表示复数意义(但不用复数形式) people人，police警察等。 8. all, none, some, any 等不定代词作主语，根据其指代的内容而定。 All are presents . All the food tastes good. Two-thirds of the people are against the plan. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is covered by sea. Forty-five percent of the doctors were women. 9. “half / most / part / the rest / the last / lots / plenty / 分数 / 百分数 + of + 名词”作主语,谓语动词要和 of 之后的名词单复数保持一致。 10. 由or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also 等连接的并列主语，谓语动词常和靠近的作主语的名词在单复数上保持一致——就近原则。 Not only he but also I am invited. Neither my gloves nor my hat goes with the dress. Not only I but Jane and Mary _____ tired of having one exam after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be There _____ three books and a watch in my bag.A. is B. are C. am D. be 11. there be句型当中，谓语动词也要跟最近的主语数保持一致，即就近处理原则 12. 主语后跟 “with / along with / together with / including / but / except / like / among / as well as / no more than / besides / rather than +名词”结构时，谓语动词一般和前面的主语保持一致。 The teacher with a number of students is in the clas