清中期至民国婺源县分家制度研究.pdfVIP

摘要 摘 要 清朝律法不鼓励分家，但民间却习以为常。经过长期的分家实践，到清代 已经形成了稳定的分家制度。本文从婺源县61 份分家文书出发，重点研究清中 期至民国该县的分家制度。从形式来看，婺源县分家文书条理清晰、层次分明， 具有较高的法律水准。从内容来看，分家制度主要包括家产制度、家庭成员、 分家原则这三大部分。同居共财制构成了中国古代特殊的家产制度，关于家产 制性质的讨论一直存在争议，观点主要有家族共产制说、家长所有制说、小家 庭所有和家户共有说三种。家庭成员的论述则主要集中于家长、家子和特殊家 庭成员的地位。在分家原则方面，诸子均分是基本原则，养老份在全国范围内 得到认可。其他如长子田、长孙田、读书田等根据区域有所不同。在婺源县分 家文书中，还发现了一些非惯行的家产补贴。以上分配规则共同构成了婺源县 的分家制度。通过对婺源县分家制度的研究有助于我们更完整的理解该制度在 民间的运行。 关键词：分家；婺源县；同居共财 II 万方数据 Abstract ABSTRACT Dividing family is not encouraged by Qing Dynasty,but there are many evidences to prove that ancient people thought it ought to dividing.After a long time of dividing practice,Qing Dynasty have a stable system.In this paper, We focus on 61 copies to research the Wuyuan County’s family dividing system.From the texts ,we can see the dividing is clarity and have a higher legal level.From the content point of view, the dividing system includes the family property system,family members and the principle of the separation. Cohabitation constitutes a special financial system in ancient,the discussion on patrimonial nature has been controversial,they are Family communist system,parents of ownership,single-family and households the property.Family members focus on parents,son and special family member who are Zhuixu and son-in-law.In terms of the dividing principle, the fundamental principle is divided equally depend on the quantities of sons.Pence is also considered to be