初中英语词组与句型整理归纳.doc

初中英语词组与句型整理归纳

初中英语词组与句型整理归纳 短语、词组归纳 ? ????由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理: ????一、动词+介词 ????1.look at…看…,look like?… 看上去像……, ???????look after?…照料… ????2.listen to…听…… ????3.welcome to…欢迎到…… ????4.say hello to?…向……问好 ????5.speak to…对……说话 ????此类短语相当于及物动词,其后必须带宾语,但宾语无论是名词还是代词,都要放在介词之后。如: This is my new bike. Please look it after.(×) This is my new bike. Please look after it.(√) ? ????二、动词+副词 ????“动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类: ?????A.动词(vt.)+副词 ?????1.put on?穿上?2.take off脱下??3.write down记下 ?????此类短语可以带宾语,宾语若是名词,放在副词前后皆可;宾语若是人称代词,只能放在副词的前面。试比较: First listen to the tape, then write down the answer/write the answer down. (√) First listen to the answer, then write down it.(×) First listen to the answer, then write it down.(√) ????B.动词(vi)+副词。 ????1.come on赶快??2.get up起床??3.go home回家??4.come in进来??5.sit down坐下?6.stand up起立 ????此类短语属于不及物动词,不可以带宾语。 ? ????三、其它类动词词组 1.close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to work/class 4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper 7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games 10. play games ? 介词短语聚焦 ? ????“介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。现将Unitsl-16常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。 ? ????1.in+语言/颜色/衣帽等,表示使用某种语言或穿着……。如:in English,in the hat ? ????2.in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等,表示“在……排/队/班级/年级”等. ? ????3.in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/?表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间. ? ????4.in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom?等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”. ? ????5.in the tree表示“在树上?(非树本身所有)”;on the tree表示“在树上(为树本身所有)”。如:There are some?in the tree. There are many apples?on the trees. ? ???6.in the wall表示“在墙上(凹陷进去)”;on the wall表示“在墙上(指墙的表面)”。如:There’re four windows?in the wall, and there is a map?on the back wall. ? ???7.at work(在工作)/at school(上学)/at home(在家)应注意此类短语中无the. ? ???8.at +?时刻表示钟点。如:at six, at half , past ten. ? ???9.like this/that表示方式,意为“像……这/那样”. ? ???10.of短语表示所属关系。如:a picture of a classroom, a map of China. ? ???11.behind/ beside/ near/ under+?名词等,表示方位、处所。如:beside/ near the door, under/ behind the tree. ? ???12.from与to多表示方向,前者意为“从……”,后者意为“到……”。如:from one to ten, (go) to school/ bed/ work. ? ???另外,以下这些短语也必须掌握。如:on duty, after breakfast, at ni

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