初中英语词组与句型整理归纳
初中英语词组与句型整理归纳
短语、词组归纳
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????由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理:
????一、动词+介词
????1.look at…看…,look like?… 看上去像……,
???????look after?…照料…
????2.listen to…听……
????3.welcome to…欢迎到……
????4.say hello to?…向……问好
????5.speak to…对……说话
????此类短语相当于及物动词,其后必须带宾语,但宾语无论是名词还是代词,都要放在介词之后。如:
This is my new bike. Please look it after.(×)
This is my new bike. Please look after it.(√)
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????二、动词+副词
????“动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类:
?????A.动词(vt.)+副词
?????1.put on?穿上?2.take off脱下??3.write down记下
?????此类短语可以带宾语,宾语若是名词,放在副词前后皆可;宾语若是人称代词,只能放在副词的前面。试比较:
First listen to the tape, then write down the answer/write the answer down. (√)
First listen to the answer, then write down it.(×)
First listen to the answer, then write it down.(√)
????B.动词(vi)+副词。
????1.come on赶快??2.get up起床??3.go home回家??4.come in进来??5.sit down坐下?6.stand up起立
????此类短语属于不及物动词,不可以带宾语。
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????三、其它类动词词组
1.close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to work/class 4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper 7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games 10. play games
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介词短语聚焦
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????“介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。现将Unitsl-16常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。
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????1.in+语言/颜色/衣帽等,表示使用某种语言或穿着……。如:in English,in the hat
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????2.in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等,表示“在……排/队/班级/年级”等.
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????3.in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/?表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间.
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????4.in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom?等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”.
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????5.in the tree表示“在树上?(非树本身所有)”;on the tree表示“在树上(为树本身所有)”。如:There are some?in the tree. There are many apples?on the trees.
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???6.in the wall表示“在墙上(凹陷进去)”;on the wall表示“在墙上(指墙的表面)”。如:There’re four windows?in the wall, and there is a map?on the back wall.
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???7.at work(在工作)/at school(上学)/at home(在家)应注意此类短语中无the.
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???8.at +?时刻表示钟点。如:at six, at half , past ten.
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???9.like this/that表示方式,意为“像……这/那样”.
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???10.of短语表示所属关系。如:a picture of a classroom, a map of China.
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???11.behind/ beside/ near/ under+?名词等,表示方位、处所。如:beside/ near the door, under/ behind the tree.
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???12.from与to多表示方向,前者意为“从……”,后者意为“到……”。如:from one to ten, (go) to school/ bed/ work.
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???另外,以下这些短语也必须掌握。如:on duty, after breakfast, at ni
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