定语从句之关系代词用法及专项练习.docVIP

定语从句一. 定语从句1. 定语从句：修饰一个或的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。. 关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系关系词有关系有, _______ , ______, _______, _________, _______等；关系有, _______, ______等。 关系词常有3个作用：引导定语从句。代替先行词。在定语从句中当一个成分。限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句形式不用逗号和主句隔开用逗号和主句隔开意义是先行词不可缺少的定语，不能删除是对先行词的补充说明删除后意思仍完整译法翻译成先行词的定语，“…的…”通常翻译成主句的并列句限制性定语从句举例： (1) The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on. (2) China is a country which has a long history. 非限制性定语从句举例： (1) His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. (2) China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful. 要注意区分以下几个句子的不同 (1) His brother who is now a doctor always encourages him to go to college. 他那当医生的哥哥常鼓励他要考上大学。（他还有其他的哥哥） (2) His brother, who is now a doctor, always encourages him to go to college. 他的哥哥是当医生的，常鼓励他要考上大学。（他只有一个哥哥）二.引导定语从句关系代词1. who指，在从句中(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. (3) In the meeting I saw Mr. Smith who I met in my birthday party. 2. whom指，在定语从句中充当，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. (2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which 指，在定语从句中做或者，做时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 4. that指人时，相当于或者；指物时，相当于。在语从句中做或者，做时可省略。 (5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million. (6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 (3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. The classroom, the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. = The classroom, of which the door is broken will soon be repaired. 【详细讲解】 Ⅰ. 关系代词that和which的用法 (一) 限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况1．当先行词是anything, everything, nothing (something 除外), few, all, none, little, some