情 态 动 词 复 习 及虚拟语气.ppt

情 态 动 词 复 习 及虚拟语气 ; 情态动词的用法特点 1） 情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。2） 情态动词 除 ought 和 have 外，后面只能接不带 to 的不定式。3） 情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。4） 情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。 ;“情态动词+have done”是近几年高考试题中情态动词的一个主要考点。其主要有两种情况：一种是用来表示对过去情况的推测与判定;另一种是在虚拟语气中的使用。 (一)“情态动词+have done”表示对过去状况的推测和判定。;1. must have done 用在肯定句中，表示对过去状况肯定性的推测，意为“(过去)一定已经……” ① He ____ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside. A. should B. must　 C. wouldn’t D. can’t;② This cake is very sweet. You ____ a lot of sugar in it. A. should put　 B. could have put　　 C. might put　 D. must have put ③ —The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned. 　—Oh, dear! She ____ a lot of difficulties. A. may go through　B. might go through　　C. ought to have gone through　　 D. must have gone through;④ I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They ____ at least 150 kilometers an hour. A. should have been doing B. must have been doing　　 C. could have done D. would have done;⑤ —Tom is never late for work. Why is he absent today? 　—Something ____ to him. A. must happen　B. should have happened　　C. could have happened　　 D. must have happened ⑥ I have lost one of my gloves. I ____ it somewhere. A. must drop B. must have dropped 　 C. must be dropping D. must have been dropped;2. can/could have done用在否定句中表示对过去否定的推测，意为“(过去)不可能……”;用在疑问句中表示对过去状况可能性的推测，“(过去)可能……了吗?”。这时的can和could 没有什么大的区别。 ① I ____ have been more than six years old when the accident happened. A. shouldn’t B. couldn’t　 C. mustn’t D. needn’t;② —Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere. —Well. He ____ have gone far —for his coat’s still here. A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t　　 C. can’t D. wouldn’t ③ My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who ____ have taken it? A. should B. must　　 C. could