情态动词专题精讲.docVIP

情态动词专题精解 一、情态动词的基本用法 （一）情态动词的特点　　1. 没有人称和数的变化。2. 有些情态动词有过去式的变化：　　　 will → would , can → could , may→ might , dare → dared （二）can (could) 　　1. 表示能力。 　　　Eg: Two eyes can see more than one. 　　2. 表示允许。 　　　Eg: Can I have a look at your new pen? 　　　 Can (Could) you lend me a hand? 　　3. 表惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。　　　Eg: Where can (could) they have gone to? 　　　 He can’t (couldn’t) be over sixty. 　　　 How can you be so careless? 　　4. 表示猜测 (肯定句把握较小；否定句几乎为100%把握)　　　 eg:The temperature can fall to 10℃. 　　　 You can’t be serious. (三)may (might) 　　1．表允许，might是may的过去式; 用在疑问中比may委婉、客气。　　　Eg: You may take whatever you like. 　　　 He told me that I might smoke in the room. 　　2. 表可能（事实上）。 语气不肯定。　　　 Eg:He may be at home. 他可能在家。　　　 She may not know about it. 　　　 I am afraid they might not agree with him. 　　　 They might be having a meeting, but I’m not sure. (三)must　　1. 表必须（主观意志）　　　eg: We must do everything we can to help him. 　　　 You mustn’t talk to her like that. 　　　 --Must we hand in our exercise books now?　　　 --No, you needn’t. / No, you don’t have to. /yes,you must.　　2. 表示很有把握的推断，意为“想必、准是、一定”等，只用于肯定句。have (has)to：　　eg: have (has)got to 必须, 不得不。过去式为had to。　　　 He must be ill. He looks so pale. 　　　 She must have a lot of money, for she drives a BMW. (四)shall　　1. 表征询意见，用于第一称疑问句。　　　 Eg:Shall I get you some tea? 　　　 　　　 Its a fine day. Lets go fishing, shall we?　　2. 表说话人的意愿，有“命令、允诺、警告、决心”等意思，用于第二、第三人称陈述句。　　　Eg:You shall do as I say. （命令）　　　 You shall have the English book as soon as I finish it.（允诺）　　　 He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you. （警告）　　　 Everything that he owns shall be taken away from him.（决心） (五)will　　1. 表意愿，用于各种人称陈述句。　　　Eg: I will do anything for you. 　　　 If you will read the book, I’ll lend it to you. 　　2. 表请求，用于疑问句。　　　Eg: Dont smoke in the meeting room, will you? 　　　 Won’t you drink some more coffee? 　　3. 表示某种倾向或习惯性动作。　　　Eg: Fish will die