讲座4 单项填空的四大解题技巧.ppt

单项填空的四大解题技巧 一、结构还原法 试题特点：题干以疑问句、被动句、倒装句、强调句等形式出现，目的是增加语境和句子结构的复杂性。解题技巧是将这些句式还原为熟悉的陈述句，关键是把握命题意图，排除干扰。 （一）把疑问句还原为陈述句 （二）把强调句还原为一般句式 （三）把省略句还原为完整句 （四）把倒装语序还原为正常语序 （五）把被动语态还原为主动语态 例1. Is this the computer______ you have been using for all the time？ A. that B. one C. the one D. it ［分析］此题可还原为This is the computer______ you have been using for all the time.还原之后我们可以很容易地看出此题考查的是that引导的定语从句，先行词为computer。答案为A。 （一）把疑问句还原为陈述句 ［拓展］此题还可以变形为Is this computer______ you have been using for all the time? 还原为This computer is_____ you have been using for all the time.仍考查定语从句，但缺少的不仅仅是先行词，而且缺少表语，故选C项。定语从句关系代词在从句中作宾语可以省略。 （二）把强调句还原为一般句式 例2. It was____ he came back from Africa that year_____ he met the girl he would like to marry. [2009江西，27] A. when；then B. not；until C. not until；that D. only; when [分析]本题为强调句型，把它还原为一般句式：He did not meet the girl he would like to marry until he came back from Africa that year, 很容易看出本题是not...until...引导的强调句。答案为C。 （三）把省略句还原为完整句 例3.—Who should be responsible for the accident? —The boss，not the workers. They just carried out the order_______. [2008福建，30] A. as told B. as are told C. as telling D. as they told [分析]本题旨在考查省略句，将答语部分补全应为：They just carried out the order as they were told.可以看出该句省略了主语和be动词。答案为A。 （四）把倒装语序还原为正常语序 例4. Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school, _______the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni [校友] from home and abroad. [2009江苏，32] A. Attend???? B. To attend????? ??? C. Attending?????? D. Having attended [分析]选C。这是一个倒装句式，还原后应为：Our alumni [校友] from home and abroad are attending?the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning. （五）把被动语态还原为主动语态 例5. Time should be made use of _______our lessons well. A. learning B. learned C. to learn D. learns [分析]此题容易误选A项，作介词of的宾语，可以还原