非谓语专项2015.ppt

定义练习 1.____your essay carefullybefore handing it in, some mistakes can surely be avoided,I think. A. Having checked B.While checking C. As long as you check D. Check 2.---____the window,my finger was cut unexpectedly. --- I’m sorry to hear that. A. Having cleaned B. To clean C. While cleaning D. While I was cleaning 作定语区别： 不定式（to do /to be done) : 暗含将来 现在分词（doing /being done): 表示动作正在进行或持续。注意：having done不可以做定语。 过去分词（done）：表示动作完成和被动（vt.)或者状态(vi.) 注意：1.序数词/形容词最高级/ next/ only /last后常用 to do (一般式）作定语。 2. 常见的抽象名词 ability/ chance/ idea/ promise/ way后常跟不定式。 非谓语作定语练习 1)This company was the first ___(produce) portable radio as well as cassette tape recorders in the world. 2) The flowers ___(smell)sweet in the garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature 非谓语作定语的特殊情况： “有…要干” have sth to do （do的逻辑主语为句子主语） have sth to be done（do的逻辑主语不是句子主语） 1）I’m going to the supermarket this afternoon. Do you have anything _____________ (buy)? 2) I have to leave,because I have something ___________(wash). I am free now, Do you have something_________ (wash)? 非谓语动词作状语（P93) 不定式作状语： （to do/ to be done 1.做目的状语（置于句首，可用逗号隔开） 2.做结果状语（多表示出乎意料的结果，常与only to do) 3.做原因状语：（常用于固定句型：主语+be+adj.(情感）to do 分词作状语 A：现在分词： (与句子主语为主谓关系，即主动关系。） doing(强调与谓语动词同时发生） having done（强调先于谓语动词发生，有明显先后关系） B. 过去分词： （与句子主语之间为动宾关系，即被动关系） 注意：having been done 强调先于谓语动词 非谓语动词做宾语补足语 固定短语居多：常考点及难点参看语法书P91.(Read it by yourselves for 5minutes) 使役动词：have + 宾语+宾补（ do / doing /done) make/ let + 宾语+宾补 (do / done) 2. 感官动词：感官动词+ 宾语+宾补 （ do / doing /done) 3. leave / get + 宾语+宾补 ( to do / doing / done) 4. find + 宾语+宾补 ( doing /done / (to be) +adj./n. 5. catch sb doing (注意：平常要善于积累短语：如 advise sb to do …) 句式二 主语+be + said / reported/ thought/believed+ to do / to be doing / to have done=It’s+ said /reported/thought….that+ 从句 注意：to do 表示将要；to be doing 表示正在进行；to have do