sall4在消化道肿瘤中的研究进展.docVIP

SALL4在消化系统肿瘤中的研究进展 王新景,邓侠兴 上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院肝胆胰外科，200025 通讯作者：邓侠兴，邮箱: kejiadxx@ 基金项目：上海市科委生药重点项目（10411955600） 摘要 消化系统肿瘤是人类最常见的恶性肿瘤，近年来其诊断及治疗有很大进展，但早期诊断及预后仍不容乐观。研究表明, SALL4基因（人类婆罗双树样基因-4）在生理方面参与胚胎早期发育、器官形成以及胚胎干细胞多能性维持等，且与遗传性疾病、造血系统疾病及生殖细胞肿瘤的发生发展关系密切。近4年来更是发现其在肝癌、胃癌、肠癌等消化系统肿瘤中高表达。本文主要就SALL4与消化道肿瘤的关系进行综述。 关键词 SALL4 消化道肿瘤 致癌基因 Research advances of SALL4 in digestive system tumors WANG Xinjing, DENG Xiaxing Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025,China. Corresponding author: Deng xiaxing Email: kejiadxx@ Abstract Digestive system tumors are the most common human malignancies. With the development of clinical practice, the diagnosis and treatment of digestive tumors have been largely improved, however, the early diagnostic manners are limited and prognosis of the cancers are still not optimistic. The previous studies have shown that SALL4 (human Sal-like 4 gene) plays an important role in regulation of the early embryonic development, organgenesis and pluripotency of embryonic stem cells. Also, mutation of this gene is closely associated with many diseases such as hereditary diseases, hematopoietic system diseases and germ cell tumors. Furthermore, recent studies have demonstrated that expression of SALL4 is significantly elevated in hepatic cancer, gastric cancer and colon cancer. In this review, the correlation between SALL4 expression and development of gastrointestinal tumors is mainly discussed. Keywords SALL4 Digestive system tumors Oncogene 消化系统肿瘤包括食管癌、胃癌、肠癌、肝癌、胆囊癌、胰腺癌，发生时早期症状不明显，就诊时往往已到中晚期，预后差，死亡率高。尤其如胰腺癌更是被称为“癌中之王”， 尽管随着诊断技术和治疗手段不断提高, 但其5年生存率仅为5%左右[1]。因此，进一步发现新的诊治方案刻不容缓。 近年来，随着研究的深入，不断有新的癌基因和抑癌基因被发现。癌基因通过突变、转位等机制激活后的表达产物促进细胞发生病变。作为一个新发现的癌基因，SALL4基因位于人类20 号染色体q13[2],含有4个外显子, 编码SALL4A 和SALL4B 两种异构体蛋白[3]。SALL4A 包含全部外显子, 由1 053个氨基酸组成,具有8个ZF基序, 即1个氨基端C2HC 型ZF基序和7个C2H2 型ZF 基序[4, 5]。SALL4B 缺少第2外显子羧基端385-820区域, 由617个氨基酸组成,仅具有1个氨基端C2HC 型ZF基序和2个C2H2 型ZF基序[4, 5]。SALL