高考常用词汇辨析3.ppt

damage vt.损害；毁坏；n.损害；毁坏；破坏 do sb.damage＝do damage to sb.给某人带来损害 We should learn to protect our skin from the damage of the sun. 我们应该学会保护我们的皮肤免受太阳光的损害。 The storm did great damage to this area. 风暴给这个地区造成了很大损失。 damage，destroy，hurt，injure，wound与harm (1)damage指伤害人或物而使之失去价值、功能或正常的外观，多用于自然灾害中的损害。 (2)destroy指完全的、不可修复的毁坏。 (3)hurt强调精神上、肉体上的伤害，强调疼痛。 (4)injure主要指在事故中受伤、损害、毁坏容貌，强调丧失机能。 (5)wound常指在战争、暴力或灾害中受伤，尤指战斗中的枪伤、刀伤。 (6)harm常用于口语，指伤及一个人或其心情、健康、权利、事业等，使之产生痛苦、损害等。 Once environmental damage is done，it takes many years for the system to recover. 环境破坏一旦造成，生态系统需要多年才能恢复。 1.用wound，damage，destroy，harm，hurt与injure的适当形式填空 (1)She felt________at your words. (2)The building was________in the earthquake. (3)Don’t________your eyes by reading in dim light. (4)The bullet________him in the shoulder. (5)The bus was badly________when it hit the wall. (6)He was________in the accident. 【答案】　(1)hurt　(2)destroyed　(3)harm　(4)wounded　(5)damaged　(6)injured cut across 横过；走捷径 cut down 砍下，砍倒；减小 cut in 插嘴；插入；插队 cut off 切断(水、电、煤气);使...于外界隔绝 cut out 切去；剪去 cut up切碎 1) Dont cut _____ this tree. It will be very shady in summer. 2) You must cut ________ the number of cigarettes you smoke, or it will cause illness. 3) We decided to cut _________ the moor（旷野） to the village.  4) Cutting the tree ____ means cutting the tree into pieces.5) The electricity was cut _______ when the lady refused to pay the bill.6) We were having a pleasant conversation when Tom cut ____. 7).The army was cut____ from its base.  .The secretary________to tell Mr Brown that he was wanted on the phone. A．cut off B．cut down C．cut in D．cut up 【解析】　本题考查词组辨析。A项“切断；断绝”；B项“砍倒；削减”；C项“插嘴；插话”；D项“切碎”。句意为：秘书插话来告诉布朗先生有人打电话找他。 【答案】　C debate，argue，discuss与quarrel (1)debate指在正式场合，和意见对立的一方进行全面的、彻底的、比较正式的争论，重在各述理由，双方交锋。后接名词或连接代(副)词引起的不定式短语，不接that从句。 (2)argue指就自己的看法、立场条理清楚地提出赞成或反对某事的理由，以说服他人。其后可接名词或that从句，不可接what，when，whether等引导的从句和不定式。 (3)discuss重在交换意见，进行讨论，不含有意说服对方的成分。其后可接名词、动名词、不定式短语或when，whether，what等引导的从句，但不可接that从句。 (4)quarrel语气强烈，多