中西方文化的比较Comparison between Confucius and Socrates.pptx

Similarity Difference ;Teachers of the men 人类的导师;The similarities;They stress that everyone is equal before education.(有教无类） ;2 heuristic education(启发式教育）;ask questions initiative study(主动性的学习） thinking ;Similarity;· Attach great importance to the peoples moral quality cultivation; Advocate cultivating talents on the rule of having both ability and political integrity ---The possibility and necessity of the people to accept education ---Education play an important role in the development of people ---Any leader must have a wide range of knowledge.;Aim，style，content Philosophy Impact Death ; ;Ethic Confucius advocated benevolence（仁），he emphasized self-cultivation（个人修养）. What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others. 己所不欲，勿施于人。 Socrates advocated “knowledge is virtue while ignorance is evil”.（知识即美德） He focus on self-development , personal virtue . The combination of wisdom and virtue. ;Education Confucius emphasized on individualized and heuristic teaching, get the knowledge across to others. Teach students according to their aptitude. 因材施教 Socrates ：midwifery teaching method(产婆术). Pay attention to guide students.;Politics Confucius : the best government is one that rules through “rites”（礼）people’s natural morality; Autocratic monarchy（君主集权制） Concept of class (阶级观念） Socrates believed that the philosopher is the only type of person suitable to govern others，according to the law. He openly objected to the democracy.;Confucius : Individual obedience to the whole. （个体服从整体） Socrates : Respect for individual , emphasize the freedom of humanity. (尊重生命个体，追求人性自由）;Confucius founded the Confucianism the Four Books 《大学》《中庸》《论语》《孟子》 the Five Classics 《诗经》《书经》《易》《礼记》《春秋》 3. Confucius Institute and Confucius Classroom ;Socrates 1.He was a great philosopher , opened a new direction of ancient Greek philosophy and made the philosophy became a