中文题目（黑体二号居中）.doc

广东大宝山矿区周边植被现状 及矿区植被恢复重建 （丘英华 吴林芳2 廖凌娟2 曹洪麟2*） （1. 广东韶关国家森林公园管理处 韶关 512023； 2. 中国科学院华南植物园） 摘 要 文章通过对广东韶关大宝山矿区及周边地区的实地调查，发现矿区现有植被类型以草丛和灌草丛为主，矿区周边则以自然次生常绿阔叶林、常绿和落叶阔叶混交林、毛竹林及各种人工林等为主；矿区土壤都呈强酸性，各土地类型土壤理化性状普遍偏差，重金属含量普遍偏高；针对矿区的这些植被和土壤特性，分别对采矿区、废矿区和排土场等，提出相应的环境整治和植被恢复措施及树种选择，并为保障矿区造林成功率，提出了相应的高强度营林措施。 关键词 大宝山； 现状植被； 生态恢复； 植被重建 Analysis of vegetation actuality and restoration in Dabaoshan mining field, Guangdong province Qiu Yinghua1 Wu Linfang2 Liao Lingjuan2 Cao Honglin2* (1. The Administration Office of Shaoguan National Forest Park, Shaoguan, 512023; 2. South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences) Abstract By dint of survey of plant communities around Dabaoshan mining field in Shaoguan, Guangdong Province, the study was conducted to investigate the predominant vegetation form and its spatial distribution pattern. Through the investigation and analysis, the article provided correlative measurements: 1) the dominating vegetation in the mine field was tussock and brushwood, while around the mine field there were distributing abundant natural secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest, evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest, phyllostachys pubescens forest and other plantation forests; 2) the soil of the mine district presented not only high-acid, but also poor physicochemical property and high metal content; 3) because of the property of vegetation and soil state some environmental and vegetational restoration measures were putted forward about the mining district, abandoned mine district and refuse-dump. At last, in order to enhance species survival ratio in mine, high density afforestation was necessary. Key words Dabaoshan, vegetation actuality, ecological restoration, vegetation restoration 矿山开采过程中形成的露天采矿场、排土场、尾矿库、塌陷区以及受重金属污染而失去经济利用价值的土地称为矿山废弃地。矿山废弃地往往含有多种污染物, 如高含量的重金属、极端的pH值和有害的选矿材料等，这些污染物通过大气和水体等途径广为扩散, 会污染矿山及周边地区, 导致生态系统受到破坏；未经处理的废石堆和尾矿堆, 因其结构不稳定,容易导致严重的水土流失, 并可能引发地质灾害等，成为区域植物生长、发育和植被生态恢复的限制因子 [1-5]。 广东韶关大宝山矿区属多金