动词语气 Mood of Verbs.ppt

English Grammar Mood ﹡grammatical meaning ﹡classification ﹡application ﹡practice 1 2 ＊a form of verb, indicating speaker’s view and attitude towards what he says or an action or a state. ﹡陈述语气 the indicative mood ﹡祈使语气 the imperative mood ﹡虚拟语气 the subjunctive mood ﹡in simple sentence ﹡in complex sentence ﹡in sentence pattern ﹡with words or phrases 1 在口语中使语气客气委婉“should, would, could, might + v.原” 2 表祝愿、诅咒、禁止或命令 1) v.原形 Long live CPC! God bless you! God damn you! Heaven forbid! Somebody fetch a basin of water. Everybody come in! 2) may用于句首, 动词用原形 May you be happy! May you succeed! 1 unreal conditional sentence by if 2 in object clause 3 in adverbial clause of manner by as if/as though 4 in adverbial clause of purpose 5 in adverbial clause of concession (1) 与现反 主句: 情态v.+ v.原 从句: 过去式(be → were/was) (2) 与过反 主句: 情v.+ have done 从句: had done (过完时) (3) 与将反 主句：情v.+ v.原 从句： ①v.过去式(were) ②should + v.原 ③were to + v.原 情态v.: would/should/might/could If they had time, they would study Russian, too. If it rained tomorrow, the sports meet would be put off. I could have met her if I had come a few minutes earlier. ① 省if 从句中有were、 should、 had，可省if，把were, should, had 提到主语之前。 If it were not for their support, we would be in a very difficult position. →Were it not for their support, we would be in a very difficult position. If I had left a little earlier, I would have caught the train. →Had I left a little earlier, I would have caught the train. If it should rain tomorrow, what would we do? →Should it rain tomorrow, what would we do? ② 错综时间 conditional sentence of mixed time 从句动作和主句动作时间不一致 主、从句v.按各自时间变化 If you had seen the doctor in good time, you would be quite all right now. If we hadn’t repaired the roof last summer, the living room would be wet now. 1) wish宾从 主句常为I wish 表示不可实现的愿望; 2) 特殊v.宾从  (1) 与现反 从句: v.过去式(be → were/was) I wish I were young again. Sometimes I wish I were living in a different time and a different