增词译法和减词译法概要1.pptVIP

增词译法和减词译法 Adding 增词译法 英汉两种语言，由于表达方式不尽相同，翻译时既可能将词类转换，有时候也可能将词量增减。 增词法就是在翻译时按意义上或修辞上或句法上的需要增加一些词来更忠实、通顺地表达原文思想内容。这当然不是无中生有地随意乱加，而是增加原文中虽无其词却有其义的一些词。 Adding verbs e.g. There were no speeches, no foreign diplomats, no “ordinary Chinese” with paper flags and flowers. — 没有发表讲话，没有各国外交官到场，也没有“中国群众”挥舞纸旗和花束的场面。 e.g. After the banquets, the concerts, and the table tennis exhibitions, he would work on the drafting of the final communiqué. — 参加完宴会，出席过音乐会，观看了乒乓球表演赛之后，他还得起草最后公报。 e.g. I’m really busy this morning: 2 classes, a meeting, and an interview. — 我今天上午的确很忙，要上两节课，开一个会，还要接受一个采访。 Adding adjectives e.g. With what enthusiasm the Beijingers are studying foreign languages! — 北京的人们正以多么高的热情学习外语啊！ e.g. What a day/life! — 多么（ 热/冷/难熬/幸福/悲惨 ）的一天/生活啊！ Adding adverbs e.g. How the little girl looked after her old mother! — 那个小女孩照顾她的年迈的母亲是多么地细心周到啊！ e.g. The crowd melted away. — 人群渐渐地散去了。 e.g. As he began talking, words poured out. — 他一开讲，就滔滔不绝地讲个没完。 Adding nouns After the intransitive verb e.g. Be sure to wash before meal. — 饭前一定要洗手。 e.g. Doesn’t she wash after getting up? — 起床后她难道不洗漱（洗脸刷牙）吗？ e.g. He sometimes forgets to wash before going to bed. — 他有时忘记洗脚就上床睡觉。 e.g. Day after day she does the same: washing, sweeping, and cooking. — 她日复一日地做着同样的家务：洗衣服，拖地板，做饭。 Before the adjective e.g. The radio is indeed cheap and fine. — 这台收音机真是物美价廉。 e.g. She is a complicated girl – moody, sensitive and skeptical. — 她是个性格复杂的人：喜怒无常，多愁善感，疑神疑鬼。 After the abstract noun e.g. After all preparations were made, the sports meet began. — 一切准备工作就绪后，运动会开始了。 e.g. In the summer of 1969, the government publicly urged an easing of tensions with China. — 一九六九年夏天，政府公开主张缓和与中国的紧张关系。 After the concrete noun e.g. He felt the patriot rise within his breast. — 他感到胸中涌起了一股爱国热情。 e.g. He allowed the father to be overruled by the judge, and declared his own son guilty. — 法官的职责战胜了父子之情，他最终判决自己的儿子有罪。 Adding words which indicate the plural form 汉语中名词的复数没有词型变化，很多情况下不必表达出来，但要表达 指多数人的名词时，可用“们”，如“老师们，同学们”，或在名