文体学3-phonology.pptVIP

Potential stylistic markers in Phonology Definition of phonology Phonology is the systemic study of sounds in a language. The study of speech sounds in languages or a language with reference to their distribution and patterning and rules governing pronunciation. 1. Sound patterning Definition: Sound patterning refers to the matching of identical or similar sounds between two or more words. Examples Fair is foul and foul is fair Hover through wind and murky air (Shakespeare: Macbeth) 美即丑恶丑即美， 翱翔毒雾妖云里. (朱生豪) Mrs. White Had a fright In the middle of the night Saw a ghost Eating toast Half way up a lamppost Rhythm and rhyme Structure of syllable CVC or C0-3VC0-4 Come live with me and be my loveAnd we will all the pleasures prove Rhyme (CVC韵): me-be, syllables sharing the vowel and the final consonant Alliteration (CVC头韵) : me-my pleasures-prove, the initial consonants are identical Assonance（CVC腹韵）: live-with-will come-love, describes syllables with a common vowel Consonance (CVC辅韵): will-all, syllables ending with the same consonant/s Reverse rhyme (CVC倒韵) : with-will, syllables sharing the vowel and initial consonant Pararhyme (CVC头尾韵): live-love, where two syllables have the same initial and final consonants, but different vowels. Daily speech Think tank Safe and sound Doom and gloom Hit-or-miss Do-or-die Fat cat A tip –to –toe check Make –or -break Proverbs and sayings Time and tide wait for no man. Better to ask the way than go astray. Ninety percent of inspiration is perspiration. 2.Onomatopoeia Some words as bang, hiss, moo, are said to be onomatopoeic, or echoic, i.e., their sounds are imitative of their senses. Onomatopoeic words are used to produce sound images. Examples: Someone cackled. Someone chuckled. Someone giggled. (a loud silly laugh) (inwardly, quietly to oneself) (silly, uncontrolled girls) 3. Stress Stress is acoustic characteristics with the increase in intensity. It is used to create rhythmical e