权利法案与美国政党.pptVIP

* United States Bill of Rights was adopted in 1791.This consists of 10 very short paragraphs which guarantee freedom and individual rights and forbid interference with lives of individuals by the government. Each paragraph is an Amendment to the original Consititution. 《权利法案》，又译《人权法案》，指的是美国宪法中第一至第十条宪法修正案。 《权利法案》包括了言论、新闻、宗教与集社等方面的自由与权利。《权利法案》也向美国人民保证，权利法案中所列出的权利并不是美国人民所享有的全部权利，而仅仅是人民所拥有的最重要的权利。 1、The amendments were introduced by James Madison to the 1st United States Congress as a series of legislative articles. 2、They were adopted by the House of Representatives on August 21, 1789. 3、They were formally proposed by joint resolution of Congress on September 25, 1789. 4、They came into effect as Constitutional Amendments on December 15, 1791, through the process of ratification by three- fourths of the States. 1、Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. （宗教自由、言论自由、出版自由、和平集会自由、请愿自由；） 2、A well regulated Militia being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms shall not be infringed. （持有与佩戴武器的权利 ） 3、No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law. （免于民房被军队征用 ） 4、The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized. （免于不合理的搜查与扣押 ） 5、No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury