自适应卡尔曼滤波在桥梁健康监测系统中的应用 - 噪声与振动控制.pdf

第33 巻第5 期 噪 声 与 振 动 控 制 141 文章编号：1006-1355(2013)05-0141-03 自适应卡尔曼滤波在桥梁健康监测系统中的应用 强明辉, 谭政贵 ，于 波 （兰州理工大学 电气工程与信息工程学院，兰州 730050 ） 摘 要：针对桥梁健康监测中的桥梁结构的应变模态指标，一般采用振弦式应变传感器来测量，其噪声源对桥梁检 测来说属于低频振动，低频噪声会影响到采集信息的准确性。为此，将自适应卡尔曼滤波用于应变模态指标的信号处 理中，根据桥梁检测信号的特征建立自适应动态滤波模型，并用该模型对甘肃某大桥的实际应变监测数据进行仿真。 仿真结果表明，该模型能有效抑制低频噪声，正确反映桥梁应变模态指标的变化，提高信号的测量精度，为桥梁健康评 估提供可靠数据。 关键词：振动与波；应变模态；振弦式应变传感器；低频噪声；自适应卡尔曼滤波 中图分类号：TP391 文献标识码：A DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn. 1006-1335.2013.05.030 ApplicationApplication ofof Self-adaptiveSelf-adaptive KalmanKalman FilterFilter inin BridgeBridge ’’ss HealthHealth MonitoringMonitoring SystemSystem QIANG Ming -hui , TAN Zheng -gui , YU Bo （College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China ） AbstractAbstract :: The strain mode indicators of bridge structures are usually measured using vibrating-string strain sensors. But the noise source for bridge monitoring is a low- frequency vibration source of the bridge. The accuracy of signals in collection is greatly affected by low-frequency noise. In this paper, the self-adaptive Kalman filter was applied to the signal processing of the strain mode indicators. According to the feature of the signals, an adaptive dynamic filtering model was established. This model was then employed to simulate the actual strain monitoring data of a bridge in Gansu province. The result shows that the model can correctly reflect the change of the bridge strain modal indicators, suppress the low-frequency noise effectively, and improve the accuracy of signal measurement. This work has