第二章(四) 四、五、六、七 重复法、正反、褒贬、形象.ppt

四、重复法 重复法: 汉语常重复使用某个词语,以突出思想或强调感情, 使表达更生动。 英译汉 He hated failure; he had conquered it all his life, risen above it, despised it in others. 他讨厌失败；他一生中曾战胜失败，超越失败，并且藐视别人的失败。（重复名词） We talked of ourselves, of our prospects, of the journey, of the weather, of each other—of anything but our host. 我们谈到了自己，谈到了前途，谈到了旅程，谈到了天气，谈到了彼此的情况---谈到了一切，就是不谈我们的男主人。（重复动词） Ours is still a very poor country. 我们的国家仍是一个很贫穷的国家。 You don’t want to lag behind. Neither does she. 你不愿意落后，她也不愿意落后。 We must actively introduce new techniques, equipment, technologies and materials. 我们必须积极引进新工艺、新设备、新技术、新材料。 汉译英 汉译英：避免重复。 你答应了帮助他就应当帮助他。 You should help him since you have promised to do so. （do） 他今晚回来吗？ 我想会回来的。 Is he coming back tonight? I guess so. 时间就是生命，时间就是速度，时间就是力量。 Time means life, time means speed, time means strength. Exercise Let us revise our safety and sanitary regulations. 我们来修订一下安全规则和卫生规则。（重复名词） This has been our position—but not theirs. 这是我们的一贯立场，而不是他们的立场。（重复名词） Happy families also had their own troubles. 幸福家庭也有幸福家庭的苦恼。（重复代词所代名词） Each country has its own customs. 各国有各国的风俗。（重复代词所代名词） He was proficient both as a flyer and as a navigator. 他既精于飞行，又善于导航。（内容上的重复） 五、正反、反正译法 叙事或表达思想时，可以正说，也可以反说。翻译时，根据译语的表达习惯，进行正、反说相互转换。例： 油漆未干。 Wet paint. 男儿有泪不轻弹，皆因未到伤心处。 Men only weep when deeply hurt. 我们讨论问题时，不能忘记这些基本观点。 These basic concepts must be kept in mind in our discussion. 他上个学期一直是全勤。 He has never missed a single lecture last semester. 他不顾大局。 He failed to take the overall situation into account. 他开车时心不在焉，几乎闯祸。 His absence of mind during the driving nearly caused an accident. ------我们完全不了解他的计划。 We are in complete ignorance of his plan. ------他的作文中几乎没有语法错误。 他兴奋得说不出话来了。 He was too excited to speak. ------快一点，否则你就要迟到了。 Hurry up, or you will be late. ------我要铅笔，不要钢笔。 I want a pencil instead of a pen. 我最近不常见他。 Seldom have I seen him recently. ------The first bombs missed the target. 第一批炸弹没有击中目标。 快一点，否则你就要迟到了。 Hurry up, or you will be late. 我要铅笔，不要钢笔。 I want a pencil instead of a pe