第八章 英语定语及定语从句的翻译.ppt

第八章 定语及定语从句子翻译 一、英语定语的语法特征 2. 英语中后置单词作定语现象 1）以 等结尾的形容词。中心词前大都有 之类的词修饰，而且形容词和名词关系较不紧密。 4) 起强调用的单个分词。 The man speaking The department concerned 5) 一些以字母a开始的形容词或具有标语力量的形容词，如： People alive were not afraid any longer. All the people present began to shout:” Welcome! Welcome!” 6)一些外来词和成语，其形容词修饰语放在名词后面。 7） 由 等并列连词连接的两个意义相反或相互映衬的形容词作定语时， 。 当修饰性的形容词达到两个以上，最好全体后置，或把最有概括性的形容词放在被修饰语的前面，其余形容词后置。 People，old and young， love him very much. He bored us with a speech, long, tedious and incoherent. The dry weather, cold and invigorating ,made March a very bracing month. 例如： You can ask someone else. Have you looked for it anywhere else? What else did they say? 3.英语中短语定语后置 1) 英语中介词短语作后置定语： It was a bolt from the blue. The picture on the wall is very beautiful. The men over there are our teachers. Marriage is a matter hard to handle. 3) 英语中不定式作定语 I have much housework to do on weekends. I give you some paper to write on. 5)英语从句作定语 由关系代词和关系副词所引导的从句，在句中做定语，便构成了定语从句。 定语从句一般是对某一名词进行修饰和限定。被修饰的中心词称为先行词，而定语从句则置于先行词之后。 4. 英语单词定语的排列顺序 中两个或两个以上的单词定语放在中心词前共同修饰一个名词时，遵循两个原则： A round chalk-white face 二、英汉定语的差异对比 1. 位置 汉语：中心词在最后，修饰语一律前置，即修饰语+中心词。汉语中心词之后是封闭的，朝前开放的，要增加修饰语就向左扩展。 英语： Beijing girls Pretty Beijing girls Young and pretty Beijing girls Two young and pretty Beijing girls Two young and pretty Beijing girls with a fair complexion Two young and pretty Beijing girls with a fair complexion and slender figure Two young and pretty Beijing girls with a fair complexion and slender figure who are looking at us Two young and pretty Beijing girls with a fair complexion and slender figure who are smiling, looking at us He was the man who wrote the letter which Mary found in the house which she rented from the man who taught her uncle. 译文： 他是那个人。 他是那个写信的人。 他是写那封玛丽在房子里找到的信的那个人。 他是写那封