第四讲理解的客体：原文文本.pptVIP

第四讲 理解的客体：原文文本 2011年11月22日 一、引言 文本类型与翻译有着密切的联系。译者在翻译时必须要有清楚的文类意识，否则，尽管语义信息能够在译文中再现，但由于未考虑文类因素却很有可能导致译文质量的欠缺。 例1： Three bangs exploded in London yesterday injuring a total of 60 people, three seriously. The first blast, caused by about 80 lb of explosives planted in a stolen Ford Escort Car, came at 8:51 a.m. outside a Home Office building. Many of the 60 people injured were women on their way to work in the surrounding office buildings. Three of those taken to hospital, two women and a man, were operated on. 昨天伦敦爆炸了三枚炸弹，受伤六十人，重伤三人。第一次是早上八点五十一分，政府内务部外面爆炸了一枚藏在一辆偷来的福特护送车中的有八十磅的炸弹。受伤的六十人中很多是正去附近楼里上班的妇女。送进医院动手术的有三人，两名妇女，一名男子。 （吕俊，侯向群，2001：195-196） 改译文： 昨天伦敦爆炸了三枚炸弹，共有六十人受伤，其中三人重伤。第一次爆炸发生在早晨八点五十一分，政府内务部外面爆炸了一枚藏在一辆偷来的福特护送车中的重八十磅的炸弹。受伤的六十人中很多是正去附近楼里上班的妇女。有两名妇女和一名男子被送进医院接受手术治疗。 二、文本的分类 (一) Katharina Reiss的文本类型理论 按照文本在词汇、语义、语法方面的特征及其风格和主要功能将文本分为三大类： 1、Informative texts 2、Expressive texts 3、Operative texts 1、Informative texts (1)They are texts conveying facts: information and knowledge. (2)Typical examples would be encyclopedia articles, academic papers, factual business letters and official statements. (3) The factual content dominates the message and the language tends to be clear, logical and matter-of-fact. 2、Expressive texts (1) They are dominated by the aesthetic component created by the author. The author and the specific formal features of the text take pride of place. (2) Typical examples are: works of fiction, biographies, and poetry. (3) The language will be aesthetic, emotional, innovative, and stylistically sophisticated. 3、Operative texts (1) Such texts attempt to make the audience undertake a particular action, persuade it to act in some specified way. (2) Typical examples are advertisements, sermons, exhortations and political propaganda. (3) The language is persuasive and appeals to the audience on a personal or intimat