帕累托最优中的伦理思想及其困境.pdfVIP

帕累托最优中的伦理思想及其困境 中文摘要 摘 要：从经济学意义上的最优指向对伦理学意义上最优的思考，帕累托效率为 这一方向提供了积极的作用。基于帕累托最优的伦理渊源及其道德基础来看，效 率的含义正在不断被完善并通过切实的博弈方法、模型使得伦理最优和经济最优 的结合成为可能。但是，由于帕累托最优自身的理论缺陷，包括作为其哲学基础 的功利主义的局限性、个体与集体理性的不一致、偏好的冲突等造成帕累托最优 变得抽象而虚妄，以致寻求最优的本质变成为不平等提供合理性的证据，最终导 致帕累托最优成为乌托邦式的假想。尽管如此，并不能够就此一味排斥它，通过 对理论的帕累托最优实行实质上的超越能够有效促成博弈中各社会成员的协作 自律性，从而使得帕累托最优希冀的经济与伦理统一的最优结果实现。帕累托最 优的理论价值，对于现阶段的中国经济发展与道德建设有着深刻的启示作用，通 过对帕累托最优的超越，为实现各民族共同富裕和团结友善具有积极的帮扶作 用。 关键词：帕累托最优；博弈论；伦理；经济 2 万方数据 Ethics thought and dilemma of Pareto optimality Summary summary: Pareto efficiency can play an active role in the thinking of optimum in ethics from the optimal orientation in economics. Based on the ethics origin of Pareto optimality and its moral basis, the meaning of efficiency is being completed, and practical game approaches and models make it possible to combine ethics optimality and economics optimality. However, owing to the theoretical defects of Pareto optimality, including the limitation of utilitarianism, which serves as its philosophical basis, inconsistency of individual and collective rationality, conflicts of preference, etc. All of those makes Pareto optimality abstract and fabricated so that the seeking of the essence of optimum becomes the evidence of rationality for inequality, and results in Pareto optimality’s being a Utopian imagination. Still, it shouldn’t be rejected. To surpass theoretical Pareto optimality virtually can effectively help the individual in the game society to coordinate wit