典型建筑在不同外遮阳形式下的节能率分析 - 许鹏教授课题组 - 同济大学.pdfVIP

典型建筑在不同外遮阳形式下的节能率分析 姬颖，许鹏 （同济大学机械与能源工程学院，上海，201804） 摘要：建筑外遮阳是降低建筑空调能耗的一个重要的措施。本文利用EnergyPlus 对我国五类气候区下的四类典型建筑，采用四种 不同外遮阳形式的节能效果进行模拟分析。通过结果分析提出了不同气候区下不同类型建筑较适宜采用的外遮阳形式，为实际工程 在不同气候区下典型建筑采用的遮阳方式提供设计依据和理论支持。 关键词：典型建筑；能耗模拟；外遮阳；节能率 Analysis of Window Shading Devices on Energy Saving rates of Prototypical Buildings Ying Ji ，Peng Xu （School of Mechanical Engineering ，Tongji University，Shanghai，201804 ） Abstract ：External window shading, in its variety of forms, is an important measure for reducing air conditioning energy consumption. How to quickly evaluate and select effective external shading shapes to suit different climate zones and building types is of great significance towards promoting building energy conservation in China. In this paper, firstly, benchmarking models of four prototypical buildings in five climate zones in China are established and calibrated with EnergyPlus. Secondly, four common types of external shading are applied to the established benchmarking models which provide energy-saving rates of the external shading modes in different building types and climate zones. Finally, after a comprehensive analysis of the energy-saving rates, we can determine appropriate external shading devices for different building types in different climate zones, providing a design basis and theoretical support for actual projects. Keywords ：Prototypical buildings, Energy simulation, External window shading, Energy-saving rate 0 引言 中国既有建筑面积达500亿㎡，高能耗建筑占90% 以上，建筑能耗占全社会总能耗的27.8%，其中外窗的能耗 列居首位，其能耗占全部建筑能耗的40%~50% [1-2] 。太阳辐射热透过单玻璃窗射入室内而消耗的冷量约占空调负 荷的20%~30% [3] 。在夏热冬冷地区，提高居住建筑外围护结构性能来降低建筑能耗，改变外窗遮阳的效果最显 著。当南北向外窗遮阳系数平均每降低0.1，建筑单位面积采暖空调耗电量：固定遮阳平均降低2%-3%，活动遮 阳平均降低3%-5% [4] 。因此合理的遮阳，是夏季隔热非常有效的节能措施，对于降低新建建筑能耗、既有建筑节 能改造和促进节能减排都具有重要的意义。 [5-11] 目前，国内