现代物理学的诞生概要1.pptVIP

CHAPTER 1The Birth of Modern Physics 1.1 Classical Physics of the 1890s 1.2 The Kinetic Theory of Gases 1.3 Waves and Particles 1.4 Conservation Laws and Fundamental Forces 1.5 The Atomic Theory of Matter 1.6 Outstanding Problems of 1895 and New Horizons 1.1: Classical Physics of the 1890s Mechanics → Mechanics began with Galileo (1564-1642) Mechanics achieved maturity with Isaac Newton Newton’s third law (Law of action and reaction): The force exerted by body 1 on body 2 is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force that body 2 exerts on body 1: Electromagnetism culminated wi