对我国先予执行制度立法定位的思考..docVIP

对我国先予执行制度立法定位的思考 杨春华 暨南大学 Law School，Jinan University 【摘要】先予执行的功能是对民事诉讼起保障作用，其保障具体包含了对当事人合法权益的“及时”保护和“有效”保护两方面的内容。但现行先予执行的立法仅体现了对当事人的“及时”保护，缺失对当事人“有效”保护的规定。先予执行立法定位的偏颇和制度设计的不合理。不仅使当事人合法权益得不到充分的保障，也使先予执行制度在我国目前的司法实务中很少得到施行，欲解决先予执行的现存问题，仅进行制度性的修补无济于事，必须基于对当事人合法权益的“有效”保护和对当事人合法权益的“及时”保护，对先予执行制度进行重新立法定位，将先予执行界定为是使债权人的权利得到早日实现、是对未生效的判决赋予执行力。 【关键词】先行执行；功能；及时；有效；立法定位 Gives First to Our Country Carries out System Legislation Localization Ponder Content 【英文摘要】Gives the prior ution the function is first plays the safeguard role to the civil action．its safeguard has contained specifically“promptly”the protection and“effectively”protects two aspects to the litigant legitimate rights and interests the contents．But present gave the ution the legislation only to manifest first to the litigant “promptly”the protection，the flaw to the litigant“effectively”the protection stipulation．Gives the prior ution legislation localization first biased and system design unreasonable，not only enables the litigant legitimate rights and interests not to be able to obtain the full safeguard，also causes to give first carries out the system very little to obtain the ution in our country present judicature practice，wants to solve gives the prior ution．the first extant question，only carries on institutional patching not to help matters．must based on to the litigant legitimate rights and interests“effectively”the protection and to the litigant legitimate rights and interests“promptly”the protection，to gives first carries out the system to carry on legislates the localization，will give the ution limits for will be first enables creditor’s right to obtain soon will realize，will be to the decision which has not become effective entrusts with carries out the strength． 【英文关键词】prior ution；function；prompt；effective；legislative localization 原则上，民事权利只有在被最终的判决确定后，权利人才能根据生效判决所确定的内容申请对债务人进行强制执行。但是无论域外，还是我国都设置了一种不是基于生效判决就可以申请对债务人进行强制执行的制度，这种先行执行制度，在域外被称为假执行，在我国被称为先予执行。先予执行在诉讼理论上被概括性表述为诉讼保障程序{1}。是民事诉讼法为了及时而有效地维护当事