matlab谱分析入门.docx

例题波数据：图形如下：练习傅里叶变换，求系数a，b，利用公式（注意N为偶数）：前者称为正变换，后者称为逆变换。振幅和相位：功率：Matlab程序（注意matlab中数组下标从1开始，故循环中数组下标加1）：clc;cleara=zeros(1,9);b=zeros(1,9);x=[5 32 38 -33 -19 -10 1 -8 -20 10 -1 4 11 -1 -7 -2];n=length(x);for k=0:1:n/2for m=0:n-1a(k+1)=a(k+1)+x(m+1)*cos((2*pi*k*m)/n);b(k+1)=b(k+1)+x(m+1)*sin((2*pi*k*m)/n);endenda=2/n*ab=2/n*by=zeros(1,16);for m=0:n-1for k=1:1:n/2-1 y(m+1)=y(m+1)+a(k+1)*cos(2*pi*k*m/n)+b(k+1)*sin(2*pi*k*m/n);endy(m+1)=y(m+1)+a(1)/2+a(n/2+1)/2*cos(2*pi*(n/2)*m/n);endyz=(a.^2+b.^2).^0.5fai=atan(-b./a);p0=0;for m=0:n-1 p0=p0+x(m+1)^2;end p0=1/n*p0p=z.^2/2;p(9)=p(9)/2;p运行结果如下：a = 0 7.7592 5.4890 4.9579 -6.7500 -4.1880 -7.2390 3.9709 2.0000b = 0 -4.1427 8.3802 11.9524 8.7500 -3.8561 -2.3698 -4.9512 0.0000y = 5.0000 32.0000 38.0000 -33.0000 -19.0000 -10.0000 1.0000 -8.0000 -20.0000 10.0000 -1.0000 4.0000 11.0000 -1.0000 -7.0000 -2.0000z = 0 8.7959 10.0178 12.9399 11.0510 5.6929 7.6170 6.3468 2.0000p0 =300p = 0 38.6837 50.1783 83.7210 61.0625 16.2043 29.0092 20.1410 1.0000复数形式：clc;clearc=zeros(1,16);x=[5 32 38 -33 -19 -10 1 -8 -20 10 -1 4 11 -1 -7 -2];n=length(x);a0=sum(x)/length(x);for k=0:n-1for m=0:n-1c(k+1)=c(k+1)+x(m+1)*(cos((2*pi*k*m)/n)-i*sin((2*pi*k*m)/n));endendc=1/n*cp=abs(c)y=zeros(1,16);for m=0:n-1for k=0:n-1y(m+1)=y(m+1)+c(k+1)*exp(i*2*pi*k*m/n);endendy运行结果：c = 0 3.8796 + 2.0713i 2.7445 - 4.1901i 2.4790 - 5.9762i -3.3750 - 4.3750i -2.0940 + 1.9280i -3.6195 + 1.1849i 1.9854 + 2.4756i 1.0000 - 0.0000i 1.9854 - 2.4756i -3.6195 - 1.1849i -2.0940 - 1.9280i -3.3750 + 4.3750i 2.4790 + 5.9762i 2.7445 + 4.1901i 3.8796 - 2.0713ip = 0 4.3979 5.0089 6.4700 5.5255 2.8464 3.8085 3.17341.0000 3.1734 3.8085 2.8464 5.5255 6.4700 5.0089 4.3979y = 5.0000 - 0.0000i 32.0000 - 0.0000i 38.0000 - 0.0000i -33.0000 + 0.0000i-19.0000 - 0.0000i -10.0000 - 0.000