聚合物稳定与降解（Polymer stability and degradation）.docVIP

聚合物稳定与降解（Polymer stability and degradation） The first chapter, the introduction 1. The concept of aging (degradation) In the process of processing, storage and use of polymer materials, the physical and mechanical properties will gradually deteriorate, which is called aging, or degradation. p1 Features: Inevitably, irreversible processes. The time scale is relatively short. 2. Causes of polymer degradation (1) internal causes A. The composition of polymer and its chain structure. (1) different composition and degradation situation (2) the active matrix may be the main internal cause of degradation Active hydrogen is more likely to be taken (4) the polyolefins of the head - head (tail-tail) structure are more active. (5) influence of molecular weight change: the change of molecular weight causes the internal irregular structure to increase, causing the stability to decline. Conversely, if irregular structure decreases, stability increases. (6) influence of molecular weight distribution: the distribution of molecular weight is wide and the stability decreases. (7) the influence of branching degree: the branching degree increases and the weak link in the molecular chain increases, and the degradation is more likely. B. aggregation of polymer Amorphous polymer material is less stable than crystalline polymer material Reason: amorphous material density is small (the high polymer chain is irregular), easy to be penetrated by oxygen, water, chemical substance, degradation. Impurities in the polymer The impurities in the polymer are divided into two types: (1) a small amount of impurity that must be mixed in the processing; (2) additives and other substances. Most impurities accelerate the degradation of the polymer. (2) external causes: A. Effects of heat, temperature and thermal oxygen: heat causes the polymer chain to break up, forming free radicals (reversible, bidirectional) thermal oxygen to make the polymer crosslinking or degradation, which ultimately leads to degra