英语中it用法与练习.docVIP

英语中it的用法及练习一、概述在英语中，it的使用相当广泛，它既可用作代词，如人称代词（personal it）、指示代词（demonstrative it）及非人称代词（impersonal it）, 也可用作引导词（anticipatory it）和强调结构中的强调词（emphatic it）Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see who it is.有人在按门铃。去看看是谁。（人称代词）What’s this?这是什么？It’s a book.这是一本书。（指示代词）What a long way it is from Beijing to London! 从北京到伦敦真远。（非人称代词）Its best to plant trees in spring because its warmer.春天是植树的最佳时节，因为天气更暖和。（作引导词）It was I who met him in the park last week. 是我上星期在公园遇到他的。（强调结构中的强调词）二、it作代词1、用作人称代词（personal it）代替前文提到过的事物，it作真实主语或宾语。The frog is not a warm-blooded animal. It is a cold-blooded one.青蛙不是温血动物，它是冷血动物。My pen is missing. I cant find it anywhere. 我的笔丢了，我哪儿也找不到它了。I wont be back tonight. Please tell my wife about it .我今晚不回来了，请你向我妻子说一声。I was disappointed with the film. I had expected it to be much better. 我对这部电影很失望，我曾盼望它更好。Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but it didnt help.汤姆的妈妈不停地告诉他要努力，但这没起作用。2、用作指示代词（demonstrative it）相当于this或that，it有时不特指某件东西，而代表前面已提到的或将会发生的某件事情。-Who is knocking at the door? —谁在敲门？-Its me. —是我。I had a talk with the student. It was very helpful to her. 我和那个学生谈了次话，对她非常有帮助。It happened during my stay in the United States. 事情发生在我在美国的时候。-Whose exercise book is that? —谁的作业本？-Its his . —是他的。3、用作非人称代词（impersonal it）代词it可用来指除人以外的一切生物和事物，无阴阳性之分。可指时间、距离、度量、价值、自然现象（天气、气体、阴暗等）。-Whats the time? —“几点了？”-Its half past ten. —“十点半”（指时间） It is late autumn now. 现在是深秋。（指时间）It is rather cold today, isnt it?今天很冷，是不是？（指天气）-How far is it from here to the station? —从这儿到车站有多远？-Its about two kilometers. -大约两公里。（指距离） It is raining hard. 雨下得很大。（指自然现象）-Whats the cost of the dictionary? 那本词典多少钱？It is sixty-three. 六十三元（指价值）It did not snow much last winter. 去年冬天雪下得不多。（指自然现象）三、it作引导词1、作形式主语（formal subject）当主语是动词不定式短语、动词的-ing形式短语和主语从句时，为了避免头重脚轻，往往把主语放在谓语动词之后，习惯上用it作形式主语来指代后面的真实主语。这个it称为引导词（anticipatory）it，作形式主语，放在谓语动词后的主语是真正的主语。(1) 代替不定式短语Is it necessary to complete the design before National Day? 国庆节前完成这个设计有必要么？In fact, it is a hard job for the police to keep order in an